Stanhope: Foundations For Population Health In Community/Public Health Nursing, 6Th Edition

FOUNDATIONS FOR POPULATION HEALTH IN
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ff COMMUNITY/PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 6TH EDITION BY
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MARCIA STANHOPE
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,CH: 01: Community- and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
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Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing,
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6TH Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ff




1. Which of the following best describes community-based nursing?
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a. A practice in which care is provided for individuals and families
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b. Providing care with a focus on the group’s needs ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


d. A value system in which all hospital clients receive optimal care
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PRECISE CHOICE:-A ff


Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


which care is provided for ―sick‖ individuals and families where they live, work, and
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attend school. The emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of
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comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care. These nursing attendants may be
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generalists or specialists in maternal–infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health
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nursing. Community-based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and
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families, rather than focusing on groups, aggregates, or systems.
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2. Which of the following best describes community-oriented nursing?
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a. Focusing on the provision of care to individuals and families ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions ff ff ff ff ff ff ff



c. Giving direct care to il inNdiv
U Ridua
S Ils wGithBin.thCeirMfamily seting
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d. Having the goal of health promotion and disease prevention
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PRECISE CHOICE:-D ff


Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promote the quality of life. All
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nursing attendants may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to sick persons
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within their family setting, and help manage acute or chronic conditions. These definitions
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are not specific to community-oriented nursing.
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3. Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
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a. Families and groups ff ff


b. Sickness-oriented care ff


c. Individuals within the family unit ff ff ff ff


d. Health care of communities and populations ff ff ff ff ff




PRECISE CHOICE:-D ff


Reasoning:->>>In public health nursing the primary focus is on the health care of ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


communities and populations rather than on individuals, groups, and families. The goal is
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to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community
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and the population within it. Community-based nursing attendants deal primarily with
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sickness- oriented care of individuals and families acorss the life span. The aim is to
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amanage acute and chronic health conditions in the community, and the focus of practice is
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on individual or family-centered sickness care.
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,4. Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during
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the 20th century?
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a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures ff ff ff ff ff


c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs ff ff ff ff ff


d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections
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PRECISE CHOICE:-C ff


Reasoning:->>>Improvements in control of infectious diseases through immunizations, ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


sanitation, and other population-based prevention programs led to the increase in life
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expectancy from less than 50 years in 1900 to more than 78 years in 2013. Although
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people are excited when a new drug is discovered that cures a disease or when a new way
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to transplant organs is perfected, it is important to know about the significant gains in the
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health of populations that have come largely from public health accomplishments.
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5. A nursing attendant is developing a plan to reduce the number of premature deaths in the
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community. Which of the following interventions would most likely be implemented by
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the nursing attendant?
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a. Increase the community’s knowledge about clinic care. ff ff ff ff ff ff


b. Promote healthy lifestyle behavior choices among the community members.
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c. Encourage employers to have wellness centers at each industrial site. ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


d. Ensure timely and effective medical intervention and treatment for community
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members. ff




PRECISE CHOICE:-B ff


Reasoning:->>>Public health approaches could help prevent premature deaths by influencing ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


the way people eat, drink, drive, engage in exercise, and treat the environment. Increasing
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knowledge of clinic care, encouraging on-site wellness centers, and ensuring timely
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treatment of medical
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conditions do not address theNfUocRusSoIfNimGpTroBv.inCg Oo vMerall health through
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health promotion
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strategies. This is the major method that is suggested to reduce the incidence of premature
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death.
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6. Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
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a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
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b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
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c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
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d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
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PRECISE CHOICE:-C ff


Reasoning:->>>Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the effect ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


of the community’s health status (resources) on the health of individuals, families, and
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groups. The goal is to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect the health of
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the community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society collectively does
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to ensure that conditions exist in which people can be healthy. The basic assumptions of
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public health do not judge the morality of health disparities. The focus is on prevention of
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sickness not on spending more on sickness care. Additionally, individual responsibility for
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making healthy choices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role of the
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government.
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7. Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nursing
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attendant?
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, a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
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b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
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needed health services ff ff


d. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
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PRECISE CHOICE:-D ff


Reasoning:->>>Although the public health nursing attendant might engage in any of the ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


tasks listed, he or she works primarily with members of the community to carry out core
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public health functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in
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promoting health and improving the environment. The interventions of asking community
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leaders which interventions should be chosen, asessing the community and deciding on
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appropriate interventions, and using data from health care institutions do not demonstrate the
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engagement of the community when making decisions about what the community actually
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wants and needs.
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8. Which of the following public health nursing attendants most clearly fulfills the
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responsibilities of this role?
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a. The nursing attendant who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
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b. The nursing attendant who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
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c. The nursing attendant who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
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d. The nursing attendant who watched the city council meeting on local cable television
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PRECISE CHOICE:-B ff


Reasoning:->>>Any of these descriptions might represent a nursing attendant ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


communicating, cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or groups about
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health concerns. However, the nursing attendant who spent the day attending meetings of
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various health agencies is the most representative, because in public health, concerns are
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addressed from a broader perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the community
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should be addressed. Concerns are broader than recreation, individual concerns are not as
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important as aggregate priorities, and watching television (a one-way form of
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communication) is less effective than interacting with others.
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9. Which of the following best defines aggregate?
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a. A large group of persons
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b. A collection of individuals and families
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c. A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
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d. Another name for demographic group ff ff ff ff



PRECISE CHOICE:-C ff


Reasoning:->>>An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


personal or environmental characteristics. Members of a community can be defined in
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terms of either geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special
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interest (e.g., children attending a particular school). These members make up a population.
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The term population may be used interchangeably with the term aggregate. A large group of
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persons, a collection of individuals and families, and another name for demograhpic group
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are not accurate definitions of the term aggregate.
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10. A registered nursing attendant was just employed as a public health nursing attendant.
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Which question would be the most relevant for the nursing attendant to ask?
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a. ―Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?‖ ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


b. ―Which victims should I see first as I begin my day?‖ ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


c. ―With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?‖
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d. ―With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?‖
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PRECISE CHOICE:-A ff