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,1. Which research method allows causal conclusions?
A. Correlational study
B. Naturalistic observation
C. Experiment
D. Case study
Answer: C. Experiment
Rationale: Only an experiment with manipulation and control can
support causal claims.
2. A correlation coefficient of -0.80 indicates what?
A. No relationship
B. Weak positive relationship
C. Strong negative relationship
D. Strong positive relationship
Answer: C. Strong negative relationship
Rationale: The value is close to -1, indicating a strong inverse
relationship.
3. Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Myelin sheath
D. Terminal button
, Answer: B. Dendrite
Rationale: Dendrites receive messages from other neurons.
4. Which neurotransmitter is most associated with reward and
motivation?
A. GABA
B. Dopamine
C. Acetylcholine
D. Glutamate
Answer: B. Dopamine
Rationale: Dopamine is central to reward, motivation, and
movement.
5. Which brain lobe is primarily responsible for visual processing?
A. Frontal lobe
B. Parietal lobe
C. Temporal lobe
D. Occipital lobe
Answer: D. Occipital lobe
Rationale: The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex.
6. Which nervous system branch prepares the body for fight-or-
flight?
A. Parasympathetic
, B. Somatic
C. Sympathetic
D. Enteric
Answer: C. Sympathetic
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system mobilizes energy
during stress.
7. Which gland is known as the master endocrine gland?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pineal
Answer: C. Pituitary
Rationale: The pituitary gland regulates many other endocrine
glands.
8. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme
scores?
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Range