INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY MIDTERM
STUDY GUIDE UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
The study of human behavior in society (p. 4).
ANSWER
sociology
Question 2.
The ability to see the connection between our individual identities and the social contexts (family,
friends, and institutions) in which we find ourselves - sees our lives as contextual lives (p. 4).
ANSWER
sociological imagination
Question 3.
A model of social change that saw each succeeding society as developing through evolution and the
"survival of the fittest". "States that each succeeding society is seen as an improvement of the one
before it."
(p. 19)
ANSWER
social Darwinism
Question 4.
A theoretical approach that streses the competition for scarce resources and unequal distribution of
those resources based on social status, such as class, race, gender, etc. "A theory that suggests the
dynamics of society, both of social order and social resistance are the result of conflict among
different groups." (p. 23)
ANSWER
conflict theory
,Question 5.
A set of processes leading to the development of patterns of economic, cultural, and social
relationships that transcend geographical boundaries; a widening, deepening, and speeding up of
worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary life. (p. 24)
ANSWER
globalization
Question 6.
The doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully
and equitably in a single country. (p. 24)
ANSWER
multiculturalism
Question 7.
The homogenizing spread of consumerism around the globe. (p. 27)
ANSWER
McDonaldization
Question 8.
Analysis of the large-scale patterns or social structures of society, such as economies or political
systems. (p. 24)
ANSWER
macrolevel analysis
Question 9.
Analysis of small-scale social patterns, such as individual interactions or small group dynamics. (p.
24)
ANSWER
microlevel analysis
, Question 10.
Both the material basis for social life and the sets of values and ideals that we understand to define
morality, good and evil, appropriate and inappropriate. (p.
36)
ANSWER
culture
Question 11.
The things people make and the things they use
to make them - the tools they use, the physical environment they inhabit (forests, beaches,
mountains, fertile farmlands, or harsh desert). Can include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools,
churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production,
goods and products, stores, and so forth. (p. 36)
ANSWER
material culture
Question 12.
Sociological perspective that examines how individuals and groups interact, focusing on the creation
of personal identity through interaction with others. Of particular interest is the relationship between
individual action and group pressures. (p. 21)
ANSWER
symbolic interactionism
Question 13.
Sociological theory that stressed the interconnectedness of social institutions forming stable and
orderly social systems. (p. 22)
ANSWER
functionalism (or structual functionalism)
Question 14.
Often just called "culture," the ideas and beliefs that people develop about their lives and their world.
Can include beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions. (p. 36)
ANSWER
nonmaterial culture
STUDY GUIDE UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
The study of human behavior in society (p. 4).
ANSWER
sociology
Question 2.
The ability to see the connection between our individual identities and the social contexts (family,
friends, and institutions) in which we find ourselves - sees our lives as contextual lives (p. 4).
ANSWER
sociological imagination
Question 3.
A model of social change that saw each succeeding society as developing through evolution and the
"survival of the fittest". "States that each succeeding society is seen as an improvement of the one
before it."
(p. 19)
ANSWER
social Darwinism
Question 4.
A theoretical approach that streses the competition for scarce resources and unequal distribution of
those resources based on social status, such as class, race, gender, etc. "A theory that suggests the
dynamics of society, both of social order and social resistance are the result of conflict among
different groups." (p. 23)
ANSWER
conflict theory
,Question 5.
A set of processes leading to the development of patterns of economic, cultural, and social
relationships that transcend geographical boundaries; a widening, deepening, and speeding up of
worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary life. (p. 24)
ANSWER
globalization
Question 6.
The doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully
and equitably in a single country. (p. 24)
ANSWER
multiculturalism
Question 7.
The homogenizing spread of consumerism around the globe. (p. 27)
ANSWER
McDonaldization
Question 8.
Analysis of the large-scale patterns or social structures of society, such as economies or political
systems. (p. 24)
ANSWER
macrolevel analysis
Question 9.
Analysis of small-scale social patterns, such as individual interactions or small group dynamics. (p.
24)
ANSWER
microlevel analysis
, Question 10.
Both the material basis for social life and the sets of values and ideals that we understand to define
morality, good and evil, appropriate and inappropriate. (p.
36)
ANSWER
culture
Question 11.
The things people make and the things they use
to make them - the tools they use, the physical environment they inhabit (forests, beaches,
mountains, fertile farmlands, or harsh desert). Can include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools,
churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production,
goods and products, stores, and so forth. (p. 36)
ANSWER
material culture
Question 12.
Sociological perspective that examines how individuals and groups interact, focusing on the creation
of personal identity through interaction with others. Of particular interest is the relationship between
individual action and group pressures. (p. 21)
ANSWER
symbolic interactionism
Question 13.
Sociological theory that stressed the interconnectedness of social institutions forming stable and
orderly social systems. (p. 22)
ANSWER
functionalism (or structual functionalism)
Question 14.
Often just called "culture," the ideas and beliefs that people develop about their lives and their world.
Can include beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions. (p. 36)
ANSWER
nonmaterial culture
