NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with
100% Verified Answers
Section 1: Labor, Braxton, Hicks (Q1–Q12)
Question & Answer
Q1 onset of labor
A Cannot be ascribed to single cause Many factors are involved, including changes in maternal
uterus, cervix, and pituitary gland ↓ levels of progesterone & ↑ estrogen, prostaglandins & oxytocin
may trigger labor
Q2 5 P's of labor
A passenger - fetus/placenta passageway - maternal pelvis/soft tissue (birth canal) powers - 1 degree
and 2 degree position - affects pelvic diameter psyche - emotional influences
Q3 stages of labor
A first stage - phases: latent, active - effacement (thinning of cervix 0-100%) - dilation (opening of
cervix 0-10cm)
second stage - pushing - delivery
third stage - placenta
Q4 premonitory signs of labor
A Early indicators that labor may be approaching Woman will exhibit the following: - lightening -
bloody show and increased vaginal discharge - backache, urinary frequency, and pelvic pressure -
mild weight loss and GI upsets - rupture of membranes - stronger Braxton Hicks contractions
Q5 lightening
A Baby drops lower into the pelvis Easier breathing, more pelvic pressure Walking may feel heavier or
more uncomfortable Often weeks before labor
Q6 blood show and increased vaginal discharge
A Mucus plug discharge, often blood-tinged Noticeable increase in vaginal secretions Hours to days
before labor
Q7 backache, urinary frequency, and pelvic pressure
A Persistent lower back pain as baby repositions Frequent urination as baby descends Days to weeks
before labor
Q8 mild weight loss and GI upsets
A Loss of 1-3 lbs Nausea or loose stools Days before labor
Q9 rupture of membranes
A (water breaking) - a sudden gush of fluid - a slow trickle of fluid - clear or slightly pinkish in color -
watery or slightly sticky - odorless SEEK CARE IMMEDIATELY
Page 1 of 24
,NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Question & Answer
Q10 Lamaze 6 healthy birth practices
A 1. let labor begin on its own 2. walk around 3. bring loved one w you 4. avoid unnecessary medical
treatment 5. avoid giving birth on your back 6. keep baby and mother together
Q11 stronger braxton hicks contractions
A Practice contractions become more intense Days to weeks before labor
Q12 braxton hicks vs labor contractions
A braxton hicks contractions - irregular and short (usually 30 sec) - uncomfortable but not painful -
walking does not make them stronger - lying down may make them go away - they don't get
stronger - they don't get closer together
labor contractions - become regular and last longer as they continue - are usually more painful over
time - walking may make them stronger - lying down does not make them go away - they get
stronger over time - they get closer together over time
Section 2: Pelvis, Labor, Tips (Q13–Q24)
Question & Answer
Q13 tips to ease braxton hicks contractions
A - lying down or changing position - taking a walk - relaxing in a warm bath - staying hydrated -
urinating
Q14 true vs false labor
A contraction timing TRUE - regular, becoming closer together, usually 4-6 min apart, lasting 3-60
sec FALSE - irregular, not occurring close together
contraction strength TRUE - become stronger w time, vaginal pressure is felt FALSE - frequently
weak, not getting stronger w time or alternating (strong one followed by weaker ones)
contraction discomfort TRUE - starts in back and radiated around toward the front of the abdomen
FALSE - usually felt in front of the abdomen
any change in activity TRUE - contractions continue no matter what positional change is made
FALSE - contractions may stop or slow w walking or making position changes
stay or go? TRUE - stay home until contractions are 5 min apart, last 45-60 sec, and are stronger
enough so that a conversation during one is not possible (go to hospital or birthing center) FALSE -
drink fluids and walk around to see if there is any change in the intensity of contractions; if they
diminish in intensity after either or both stay home
Q15 true labor
A regular contractions increase in frequency and intensity change in cervix cause effacement and
dilation
Q16 false labor
A contractions but no change in cervix activity doesn't change pattern hydration or sedation
slows/stops contractions
Q17 passageway
A - route through which fetus must travel to be born vaginally - consists of two parts of the woman's
body: the bony pelvis & soft tissue
Page 2 of 24
, NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Question & Answer
Q18 true pelvis
A - consists of the boney passageway through which the fetus must travel - consists of the inlet, mid
pelvis & outlet - 4 basic types but most pelvis are combination of them.
Q19 gynecoid pelvis
A BEST - round-shaped w wide pelvic inlet - best for vaginal delivery - less likely to have obstructed
labor - 50% of women
Q20 android pelvis
A andro = male - heart-shaped and is similar to a male pelvis w a narrow pelvic inlet - less space in
mid-pelvis - increases risk of obstructed labor, abnormal fetal position, or shoulder dystocia - higher
risk of difficult labor and need for forceps or c section - 20-25% of women
Q21 anthropoid pelvis
A - long oval shaped - narrow transverse diameter w a long and deep anterior-posterior diameter -
vaginal delivery possible but may be a longer labor if baby in posterior position - 35-40% of women
Q22 platypelloid pelvis
A plat = flat - very wide transverse diameter but a short anteroposterior diameter creating a flat
pelvis that is not deep - higher risk of difficult delivery and may require forceps or c section - not
very common
Q23 soft tissue
A consists of: - cervix - pelvic floor muscles - vagina
Q24 passenger
A relationship between the fetus & passageway affected by 7 factors: - fetal head - fetal attitude -
fetal lie - fetal presentation - fetal position - fetal station - fetal engagement
Section 3: Fetal, Position, Head (Q25–Q36)
Question & Answer
Q25 fetal head
A - largest structure affecting birth - sutures & fontanelles allow head molding & help identify position
- key diameters: suboccipitobregmatic & biparietal - flexed head allows easier vaginal birth - poor
flexion increased difficulty
Q26 fetal attitude
A - refers to the posturing (flexion or extension) of the joints & relationship of fetal parts to one
another - most common: all joints flexed & most favorable for vaginal birth (presenting smallest
skull diameter to the pelvis) - non-flexed ->increased difficulty of birth & tends to present larger
skull diameter
Page 3 of 24
NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with
100% Verified Answers
Section 1: Labor, Braxton, Hicks (Q1–Q12)
Question & Answer
Q1 onset of labor
A Cannot be ascribed to single cause Many factors are involved, including changes in maternal
uterus, cervix, and pituitary gland ↓ levels of progesterone & ↑ estrogen, prostaglandins & oxytocin
may trigger labor
Q2 5 P's of labor
A passenger - fetus/placenta passageway - maternal pelvis/soft tissue (birth canal) powers - 1 degree
and 2 degree position - affects pelvic diameter psyche - emotional influences
Q3 stages of labor
A first stage - phases: latent, active - effacement (thinning of cervix 0-100%) - dilation (opening of
cervix 0-10cm)
second stage - pushing - delivery
third stage - placenta
Q4 premonitory signs of labor
A Early indicators that labor may be approaching Woman will exhibit the following: - lightening -
bloody show and increased vaginal discharge - backache, urinary frequency, and pelvic pressure -
mild weight loss and GI upsets - rupture of membranes - stronger Braxton Hicks contractions
Q5 lightening
A Baby drops lower into the pelvis Easier breathing, more pelvic pressure Walking may feel heavier or
more uncomfortable Often weeks before labor
Q6 blood show and increased vaginal discharge
A Mucus plug discharge, often blood-tinged Noticeable increase in vaginal secretions Hours to days
before labor
Q7 backache, urinary frequency, and pelvic pressure
A Persistent lower back pain as baby repositions Frequent urination as baby descends Days to weeks
before labor
Q8 mild weight loss and GI upsets
A Loss of 1-3 lbs Nausea or loose stools Days before labor
Q9 rupture of membranes
A (water breaking) - a sudden gush of fluid - a slow trickle of fluid - clear or slightly pinkish in color -
watery or slightly sticky - odorless SEEK CARE IMMEDIATELY
Page 1 of 24
,NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Question & Answer
Q10 Lamaze 6 healthy birth practices
A 1. let labor begin on its own 2. walk around 3. bring loved one w you 4. avoid unnecessary medical
treatment 5. avoid giving birth on your back 6. keep baby and mother together
Q11 stronger braxton hicks contractions
A Practice contractions become more intense Days to weeks before labor
Q12 braxton hicks vs labor contractions
A braxton hicks contractions - irregular and short (usually 30 sec) - uncomfortable but not painful -
walking does not make them stronger - lying down may make them go away - they don't get
stronger - they don't get closer together
labor contractions - become regular and last longer as they continue - are usually more painful over
time - walking may make them stronger - lying down does not make them go away - they get
stronger over time - they get closer together over time
Section 2: Pelvis, Labor, Tips (Q13–Q24)
Question & Answer
Q13 tips to ease braxton hicks contractions
A - lying down or changing position - taking a walk - relaxing in a warm bath - staying hydrated -
urinating
Q14 true vs false labor
A contraction timing TRUE - regular, becoming closer together, usually 4-6 min apart, lasting 3-60
sec FALSE - irregular, not occurring close together
contraction strength TRUE - become stronger w time, vaginal pressure is felt FALSE - frequently
weak, not getting stronger w time or alternating (strong one followed by weaker ones)
contraction discomfort TRUE - starts in back and radiated around toward the front of the abdomen
FALSE - usually felt in front of the abdomen
any change in activity TRUE - contractions continue no matter what positional change is made
FALSE - contractions may stop or slow w walking or making position changes
stay or go? TRUE - stay home until contractions are 5 min apart, last 45-60 sec, and are stronger
enough so that a conversation during one is not possible (go to hospital or birthing center) FALSE -
drink fluids and walk around to see if there is any change in the intensity of contractions; if they
diminish in intensity after either or both stay home
Q15 true labor
A regular contractions increase in frequency and intensity change in cervix cause effacement and
dilation
Q16 false labor
A contractions but no change in cervix activity doesn't change pattern hydration or sedation
slows/stops contractions
Q17 passageway
A - route through which fetus must travel to be born vaginally - consists of two parts of the woman's
body: the bony pelvis & soft tissue
Page 2 of 24
, NUR 318 - Exam 2 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Question & Answer
Q18 true pelvis
A - consists of the boney passageway through which the fetus must travel - consists of the inlet, mid
pelvis & outlet - 4 basic types but most pelvis are combination of them.
Q19 gynecoid pelvis
A BEST - round-shaped w wide pelvic inlet - best for vaginal delivery - less likely to have obstructed
labor - 50% of women
Q20 android pelvis
A andro = male - heart-shaped and is similar to a male pelvis w a narrow pelvic inlet - less space in
mid-pelvis - increases risk of obstructed labor, abnormal fetal position, or shoulder dystocia - higher
risk of difficult labor and need for forceps or c section - 20-25% of women
Q21 anthropoid pelvis
A - long oval shaped - narrow transverse diameter w a long and deep anterior-posterior diameter -
vaginal delivery possible but may be a longer labor if baby in posterior position - 35-40% of women
Q22 platypelloid pelvis
A plat = flat - very wide transverse diameter but a short anteroposterior diameter creating a flat
pelvis that is not deep - higher risk of difficult delivery and may require forceps or c section - not
very common
Q23 soft tissue
A consists of: - cervix - pelvic floor muscles - vagina
Q24 passenger
A relationship between the fetus & passageway affected by 7 factors: - fetal head - fetal attitude -
fetal lie - fetal presentation - fetal position - fetal station - fetal engagement
Section 3: Fetal, Position, Head (Q25–Q36)
Question & Answer
Q25 fetal head
A - largest structure affecting birth - sutures & fontanelles allow head molding & help identify position
- key diameters: suboccipitobregmatic & biparietal - flexed head allows easier vaginal birth - poor
flexion increased difficulty
Q26 fetal attitude
A - refers to the posturing (flexion or extension) of the joints & relationship of fetal parts to one
another - most common: all joints flexed & most favorable for vaginal birth (presenting smallest
skull diameter to the pelvis) - non-flexed ->increased difficulty of birth & tends to present larger
skull diameter
Page 3 of 24
