Correct Answers 2026-2027 Updated.
Emergency / Risk Management - Answer Way to empower staff / volunteers to share their
ideas in a non-threatening environment so you can achieve the necessary standard of care
"D.I.M" Process - Answer 1. Developing the risk management plan
2. Implementing the risk management plan
3. Managing the risk management plan
3 steps to developing risk management plan - Answer 1. Identify the risk
2. classify the risk
3 Select methods of treatment for the risk
3 areas to identify risk - Answer 1. Administration areas
2. Facilities
3. Equipment
Implementing the plan - Answer Communicate with everyone (staff, volunteers, admin, front-
line personnel)
Guidelines / handbooks
Inservice training
Managing the plan - Answer Hire a risk manager
Risk management committee
FEMA Definiton - Answer Federal Emergency Management Agency
3 categories of emergency - Answer 1. Local emergency
2. Major emergency
3. Catastrophic emergency
Local emergency - Answer Single setting such as school gym or golf course
call 911, perform basic first aid and keep people / audience calm
, Major emergency - Answer Inclusion of outside groups. Usually natural / technical problems,
fires, riots, or collapsing structures.
Must protect people / property through evacuation
Catastrophic emergencies - Answer Involves entire community / federal state / local groups
Ex: terrorist attack, earthquake
Crowd Considerations - Answer 3 people per square meter
composition of crowd as well as size and noise
weather
scalping (all of these factors are also known as SITUATIONAL AROUSAL)
North American model (more seated than standing)
*tricky Chad test question
Emergency management planning process - Answer 1. Develop a culture of awareness /
readiness
2. Emergency planning team (EMT)
3. Develop emergency plan (EMP)
4. Implement EMP
Fan Behavior Theory - Answer Contagion theories - behaviors spread through crowd like
contagious disease
Identifiers of Fan Behavior Theory - Answer imitation, collective excitement, anonymity
(booing, throwing objects, foul language)
Influences of Fan Behavior Theory - Answer collective identity, crowd density, alcohol,
loudness, excitement, ambiguity, importance
Structural Strain vs Structural Conduciveness - Answer Structural strain - exists when various
aspects of system are out of joint (anger, distress, frustration)
Structural conduciveness - refers to broad social conditions necessary for an episode
Collective fan behavior theories - Answer Identification influences - physiological arousal &
categorization process