Bio 210 Final Exam 2025 Actual Exam Questions And
Correct Answers (Professor Verified) | Already
Graded A+ | Latest Release 2025
Human Anatomy & Physiology (BIO 210) — Comprehensive Final Exam
Exam Year: 2025
Total Questions: 100 Multiple-Choice (A–D)
Sections: 7
Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System (Questions 1–15)
Section 2: Skeletal System, Articulations & Muscular System (Questions 16–30)
Section 3: Nervous System & Special Senses (Questions 31–45)
Section 4: Endocrine System & Cardiovascular System (Questions 46–60)
Section 5: Lymphatic, Immune & Respiratory Systems (Questions 61–75)
Section 6: Digestive, Urinary & Reproductive Systems (Questions 76–90)
Section 7: Metabolism, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance & Homeostasis (Questions 91–100)
Answers with rationales are provided beneath each question.
Aligned to the 2025 certification body of knowledge.
Page 1 of 36
,Table of Contents
Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System (Questions 1–15)3
Section 2: Skeletal System, Articulations & Muscular System (Questions 16–30)8
Section 3: Nervous System & Special Senses (Questions 31–45)13
Section 4: Endocrine System & Cardiovascular System (Questions 46–60)18
Section 5: Lymphatic, Immune & Respiratory Systems (Questions 61–75)23
Section 6: Digestive, Urinary & Reproductive Systems (Questions 76–90)28
Section 7: Metabolism, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance & Homeostasis (Questions 91–100)33
Page 2 of 36
,Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System
(Questions 1–15)
Q1: Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production through aerobic cellular respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion **[CORRECT]**
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate most of the cell's ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
and the Krebs cycle. Ribosomes build proteins, the Golgi packages and modifies them,
and lysosomes perform intracellular digestion.
Q2: A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic saline solution. What will happen to the cell?
A. It will swell and burst
B. It will shrink as water moves out of the cell **[CORRECT]**
C. It will remain unchanged
D. It will absorb sodium and expand
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell by osmosis and the cell shrinks
(crenation). Swelling and bursting occur in hypotonic solutions, and the cell cannot remain
unchanged when the solute gradient is unequal.
Q3: During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align along the metaphase plate?
A. Telophase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Metaphase **[CORRECT]**
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metaphase is defined by chromosome alignment at the cell equator before
separation. Prophase involves chromatin condensation, anaphase is the separation of
sister chromatids, and telophase restores the nuclear envelope.
Page 3 of 36
, Q4: Which event occurs only during meiosis and not during mitosis?
A. Cytokinesis at the end of division
B. Formation of a spindle apparatus
C. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes **[CORRECT]**
D. DNA replication before division
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crossing over in prophase I and reduction to a haploid chromosome number
occur only in meiosis. DNA replication, spindle formation, and cytokinesis are features of
both mitosis and meiosis.
Q5: A tissue is avascular, has cells packed tightly with an apical surface, and covers body
surfaces. Which tissue type is this?
A. Connective tissue
B. Epithelial tissue **[CORRECT]**
C. Nervous tissue
D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epithelial tissue is avascular, tightly packed, and forms covering and lining
layers with polarity. Connective tissue is highly vascular with abundant matrix, and muscle
and nervous tissues are not avascular coverings.
Q6: Which tissue type is the most abundant in the body and characterized by cells separated
by an extracellular matrix?
A. Muscle tissue
B. Connective tissue **[CORRECT]**
C. Nervous tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue type and is defined by cells
dispersed in a substantial extracellular matrix. Epithelial, nervous, and muscle tissues do
not feature a dominant matrix.
Page 4 of 36
Correct Answers (Professor Verified) | Already
Graded A+ | Latest Release 2025
Human Anatomy & Physiology (BIO 210) — Comprehensive Final Exam
Exam Year: 2025
Total Questions: 100 Multiple-Choice (A–D)
Sections: 7
Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System (Questions 1–15)
Section 2: Skeletal System, Articulations & Muscular System (Questions 16–30)
Section 3: Nervous System & Special Senses (Questions 31–45)
Section 4: Endocrine System & Cardiovascular System (Questions 46–60)
Section 5: Lymphatic, Immune & Respiratory Systems (Questions 61–75)
Section 6: Digestive, Urinary & Reproductive Systems (Questions 76–90)
Section 7: Metabolism, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance & Homeostasis (Questions 91–100)
Answers with rationales are provided beneath each question.
Aligned to the 2025 certification body of knowledge.
Page 1 of 36
,Table of Contents
Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System (Questions 1–15)3
Section 2: Skeletal System, Articulations & Muscular System (Questions 16–30)8
Section 3: Nervous System & Special Senses (Questions 31–45)13
Section 4: Endocrine System & Cardiovascular System (Questions 46–60)18
Section 5: Lymphatic, Immune & Respiratory Systems (Questions 61–75)23
Section 6: Digestive, Urinary & Reproductive Systems (Questions 76–90)28
Section 7: Metabolism, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance & Homeostasis (Questions 91–100)33
Page 2 of 36
,Section 1: Cellular Biology, Tissues & Integumentary System
(Questions 1–15)
Q1: Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production through aerobic cellular respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion **[CORRECT]**
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate most of the cell's ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
and the Krebs cycle. Ribosomes build proteins, the Golgi packages and modifies them,
and lysosomes perform intracellular digestion.
Q2: A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic saline solution. What will happen to the cell?
A. It will swell and burst
B. It will shrink as water moves out of the cell **[CORRECT]**
C. It will remain unchanged
D. It will absorb sodium and expand
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell by osmosis and the cell shrinks
(crenation). Swelling and bursting occur in hypotonic solutions, and the cell cannot remain
unchanged when the solute gradient is unequal.
Q3: During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align along the metaphase plate?
A. Telophase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Metaphase **[CORRECT]**
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metaphase is defined by chromosome alignment at the cell equator before
separation. Prophase involves chromatin condensation, anaphase is the separation of
sister chromatids, and telophase restores the nuclear envelope.
Page 3 of 36
, Q4: Which event occurs only during meiosis and not during mitosis?
A. Cytokinesis at the end of division
B. Formation of a spindle apparatus
C. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes **[CORRECT]**
D. DNA replication before division
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crossing over in prophase I and reduction to a haploid chromosome number
occur only in meiosis. DNA replication, spindle formation, and cytokinesis are features of
both mitosis and meiosis.
Q5: A tissue is avascular, has cells packed tightly with an apical surface, and covers body
surfaces. Which tissue type is this?
A. Connective tissue
B. Epithelial tissue **[CORRECT]**
C. Nervous tissue
D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epithelial tissue is avascular, tightly packed, and forms covering and lining
layers with polarity. Connective tissue is highly vascular with abundant matrix, and muscle
and nervous tissues are not avascular coverings.
Q6: Which tissue type is the most abundant in the body and characterized by cells separated
by an extracellular matrix?
A. Muscle tissue
B. Connective tissue **[CORRECT]**
C. Nervous tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue type and is defined by cells
dispersed in a substantial extracellular matrix. Epithelial, nervous, and muscle tissues do
not feature a dominant matrix.
Page 4 of 36
