AMT MLS EXAM 2026/2027 TEST BANK:
300 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS & DETAILED RATIONALES
(GENERAL LAB, CHEMISTRY,
HEMATOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY, BLOOD
BANK & MORE) | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
FOR MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTIST
CERTIFICATION
1. Which agency administers CLIA?
A. OSHA
B. CMS
C. FDA
D. CAP
Correct Answer: B. CMS administers CLIA, while CAP provides accreditation but does
not administer the federal program.
2. Which type of fire extinguisher is used for electrical fires?
A. Class A
B. Class B
C. Class C
D. Class D
Correct Answer: C. Class C extinguishers are for energized electrical equipment.
3. What does an SDS provide?
A. Patient results
B. Chemical hazard information
C. QC ranges
D. Reagent lot numbers
,Correct Answer: B. Safety Data Sheets provide hazard, handling, and emergency
information for chemicals.
4. Which is the correct PPE doffing order?
A. Gloves, goggles, gown, mask
B. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
C. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
D. Goggles, gown, mask, gloves
Correct Answer: A. Gloves are removed first, then eye protection, gown, and
mask/respirator last.
5. A delta check is used to:
A. Verify reagent lot
B. Detect specimen mix-up or significant change
C. Calculate reference range
D. Calibrate instrument
Correct Answer: B. Delta checks compare current and previous results to flag possible
errors or acute changes.
6. A critical value must be:
A. Filed for 24 hours
B. Reported immediately to licensed caregiver
C. Repeated next day
D. Ignored if expected
Correct Answer: B. Critical values require immediate notification because they may be
life-threatening.
7. Which statistic measures precision?
A. Mean
B. Standard deviation
C. Accuracy
D. Bias
Correct Answer: B. Standard deviation and CV reflect dispersion and precision.
,8. Which formula calculates coefficient of variation?
A. (SD/mean) × 100
B. (mean/SD) × 100
C. SD × mean
D. mean − SD
Correct Answer: A. CV = (standard deviation / mean) × 100.
9. Sensitivity is the ability to:
A. Identify true negatives
B. Identify true positives
C. Avoid false positives
D. Measure precision
Correct Answer: B. Sensitivity detects disease when present.
10. Specificity is the ability to:
A. Identify true negatives
B. Identify true positives
C. Detect disease
D. Measure accuracy
Correct Answer: A. Specificity correctly identifies individuals without disease.
11. A reference interval typically includes:
A. 50% of population
B. 95% of healthy population
C. 99% of sick population
D. All patients
Correct Answer: B. Reference intervals usually represent the central 95% of a healthy
reference population.
12. Which tube is used for coagulation testing?
A. Red
B. Light blue
C. Lavender
, D. Gray
Correct Answer: B. Light blue sodium citrate tube is used for PT/PTT.
13. Which tube is used for hematology CBC?
A. Lavender
B. Gold
C. Green
D. Gray
Correct Answer: A. Lavender EDTA prevents clotting for CBC.
14. Order of draw includes which first?
A. Lavender
B. Blood culture
C. Gray
D. Green
Correct Answer: B. Blood culture/SPS tubes are drawn first to avoid contamination.
15. Which additive is in a gray tube?
A. EDTA
B. Sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate
C. Heparin
D. Citrate
Correct Answer: B. Gray tubes contain fluoride oxalate for glucose preservation.
16. Normal fasting glucose is:
A. 50–69 mg/dL
B. 70–99 mg/dL
C. 100–125 mg/dL
D. 126–150 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B. Fasting glucose 70–99 mg/dL is normal; 100–125 mg/dL is
prediabetes.
17. HbA1c reflects glucose control over:
A. 24 hours
B. 1 week
300 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS & DETAILED RATIONALES
(GENERAL LAB, CHEMISTRY,
HEMATOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY, BLOOD
BANK & MORE) | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
FOR MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTIST
CERTIFICATION
1. Which agency administers CLIA?
A. OSHA
B. CMS
C. FDA
D. CAP
Correct Answer: B. CMS administers CLIA, while CAP provides accreditation but does
not administer the federal program.
2. Which type of fire extinguisher is used for electrical fires?
A. Class A
B. Class B
C. Class C
D. Class D
Correct Answer: C. Class C extinguishers are for energized electrical equipment.
3. What does an SDS provide?
A. Patient results
B. Chemical hazard information
C. QC ranges
D. Reagent lot numbers
,Correct Answer: B. Safety Data Sheets provide hazard, handling, and emergency
information for chemicals.
4. Which is the correct PPE doffing order?
A. Gloves, goggles, gown, mask
B. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
C. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
D. Goggles, gown, mask, gloves
Correct Answer: A. Gloves are removed first, then eye protection, gown, and
mask/respirator last.
5. A delta check is used to:
A. Verify reagent lot
B. Detect specimen mix-up or significant change
C. Calculate reference range
D. Calibrate instrument
Correct Answer: B. Delta checks compare current and previous results to flag possible
errors or acute changes.
6. A critical value must be:
A. Filed for 24 hours
B. Reported immediately to licensed caregiver
C. Repeated next day
D. Ignored if expected
Correct Answer: B. Critical values require immediate notification because they may be
life-threatening.
7. Which statistic measures precision?
A. Mean
B. Standard deviation
C. Accuracy
D. Bias
Correct Answer: B. Standard deviation and CV reflect dispersion and precision.
,8. Which formula calculates coefficient of variation?
A. (SD/mean) × 100
B. (mean/SD) × 100
C. SD × mean
D. mean − SD
Correct Answer: A. CV = (standard deviation / mean) × 100.
9. Sensitivity is the ability to:
A. Identify true negatives
B. Identify true positives
C. Avoid false positives
D. Measure precision
Correct Answer: B. Sensitivity detects disease when present.
10. Specificity is the ability to:
A. Identify true negatives
B. Identify true positives
C. Detect disease
D. Measure accuracy
Correct Answer: A. Specificity correctly identifies individuals without disease.
11. A reference interval typically includes:
A. 50% of population
B. 95% of healthy population
C. 99% of sick population
D. All patients
Correct Answer: B. Reference intervals usually represent the central 95% of a healthy
reference population.
12. Which tube is used for coagulation testing?
A. Red
B. Light blue
C. Lavender
, D. Gray
Correct Answer: B. Light blue sodium citrate tube is used for PT/PTT.
13. Which tube is used for hematology CBC?
A. Lavender
B. Gold
C. Green
D. Gray
Correct Answer: A. Lavender EDTA prevents clotting for CBC.
14. Order of draw includes which first?
A. Lavender
B. Blood culture
C. Gray
D. Green
Correct Answer: B. Blood culture/SPS tubes are drawn first to avoid contamination.
15. Which additive is in a gray tube?
A. EDTA
B. Sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate
C. Heparin
D. Citrate
Correct Answer: B. Gray tubes contain fluoride oxalate for glucose preservation.
16. Normal fasting glucose is:
A. 50–69 mg/dL
B. 70–99 mg/dL
C. 100–125 mg/dL
D. 126–150 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B. Fasting glucose 70–99 mg/dL is normal; 100–125 mg/dL is
prediabetes.
17. HbA1c reflects glucose control over:
A. 24 hours
B. 1 week
