Essentials of Genetics Klug 2015 Verified Latest Update
Genetics Klug Essentials 2015 Study Guide | Verified A-Grade Answers Epigenesis - answer - States that an organism develops from the fertilised egg by a succession of developmental events that eventually transform the egg into an adult Preformation - answer - States that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult, called a homunculus Cell theory - answer - States that all organisms are composed of basic units called cells Spontaneous generation - answer - The creation of living organisms from nonliving components, disproved by Louis Pasteur Natural selection - answer - Survival of the fittest Genetics - answer - The branch of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation Diploid number - answer - A characteristic number of chromosomes of members of each species Homologous chromosomes - answer - The chromosomes in diploid cells that exist in pairs Mitosis - answer - Chromosomes are copied and distributed so that each daughter cell receives a set of chromosomes identical to those in the parental cell Meiosis - answer - The process by which cells receive only one chromosome from each chromosome pair, resulting number is haploid number Chromosome theory of inheritance - answer - States that inherited traits are controlled by genes residing on chromosomes faithfully transmitted through gametes, maintaining genetic continuity from generation to generation Mutations - answer - Any heritable change in the DNA sequence and are the source of all genetic variation Allele - answer - An alternative from of a gene Phenotype - answer - Observable features of an organism Genotype - answer - The set of alleles for a given trait carried by an organism Nucleotides - answer - Subunits that make up each linear strand of the helix of DNA Genetic code - answer - The information encoded in mRNA Proteins - answer - End products of gene expression Enzymes - answer - Biological catalysts, lowering the activation energy in reactions, and allowing cellular metabolism to proceed at body temperature Biotechnology - answer - The use of recombinant DNA technology and other molecular techniques to make products Transgenic organisms - answer - Created by the transfer of heritable traits across species using recombinant DNA technology Genomics - answer - Studies the structure, function, and evolution of genes and genomes Proteomics - answer - Identifies the set of proteins present in a cell under a given set of conditions, and studies their functions and interactions Model organisms - answer - Organisms used for the study of basic biological processes Codon - answer -
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