BIOS 256 WEEK 3 QUIZ EXAM 4
(Latest Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron is responsible for ultrafiltration?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Glomerulus
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into Bowman's
capsule to begin urine formation.
2. Which nephron segment is highly permeable to water but not
solutes?
A. Descending loop of Henle
B. Ascending loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The descending loop allows water to leave by osmosis
while solutes remain.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
ducts?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH increases permeability of the collecting ducts to
conserve water.
4. Which hormone promotes sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubule?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal nephron segments to reabsorb
sodium and excrete potassium.
5. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
,A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nephron performs filtration, reabsorption, secretion,
and excretion.
6. Which nephron segment reabsorbs most glucose?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs almost all filtered glucose
via active transport.
7. Which structure creates the medullary osmotic gradient?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Countercurrent multiplication in the loop of Henle
establishes the gradient for urine concentration.
8. Which process removes urea and creatinine from the blood?
A. Reabsorption
B. Filtration
C. Secretion
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Filtration at the glomerulus allows wastes like urea and
creatinine to enter the nephron.
9. Which structure collects urine from multiple nephrons?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The collecting duct gathers filtrate from several
nephrons for excretion.
10. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
(Latest Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron is responsible for ultrafiltration?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Glomerulus
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into Bowman's
capsule to begin urine formation.
2. Which nephron segment is highly permeable to water but not
solutes?
A. Descending loop of Henle
B. Ascending loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The descending loop allows water to leave by osmosis
while solutes remain.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
ducts?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH increases permeability of the collecting ducts to
conserve water.
4. Which hormone promotes sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubule?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal nephron segments to reabsorb
sodium and excrete potassium.
5. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
,A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nephron performs filtration, reabsorption, secretion,
and excretion.
6. Which nephron segment reabsorbs most glucose?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs almost all filtered glucose
via active transport.
7. Which structure creates the medullary osmotic gradient?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Countercurrent multiplication in the loop of Henle
establishes the gradient for urine concentration.
8. Which process removes urea and creatinine from the blood?
A. Reabsorption
B. Filtration
C. Secretion
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Filtration at the glomerulus allows wastes like urea and
creatinine to enter the nephron.
9. Which structure collects urine from multiple nephrons?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The collecting duct gathers filtrate from several
nephrons for excretion.
10. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
