1. Infection control, hand hygiene, standard precautions, and safe needle
disposal
2. Venipuncture site selection, vein assessment, and patient identification
procedures
3. IV catheter types, gauge selection, insertion technique, and stabilization
4. IV fluid types, tonicity, indications, complications, and flow rate calculation
5. IV administration sets, priming, tubing changes, and infusion pump
management
6. Blood withdrawal techniques, order of draw, tube selection, and labeling
7. Complications of IV therapy including infiltration, phlebitis, extravasation, and
air embolism
8. Blood transfusion administration, verification, reactions, and nursing
interventions
9. Central venous access devices, PICC lines, and their care and maintenance
10. Documentation, legal considerations, patient education, and scope of practice
,Intravenous (IV) Therapy and Blood Withdrawal Exam
1. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first when preparing
to start an intravenous line on a patient?
A. Gather all supplies and cleanse the site with alcohol
B. Verify the provider's order and check the patient's identification
C. Apply the tourniquet and select the appropriate vein
D. Prime the tubing and hang the IV solution
B. Verify the provider's order and check the patient's identification
Rationale: The first step in any invasive procedure is to verify the provider's
order and confirm patient identification using two identifiers to ensure safety
and prevent errors.
2. Which of the following veins is most commonly recommended for peripheral
intravenous catheter insertion in an adult patient?
A. The basilic vein in the antecubital fossa
B. The cephalic vein in the forearm
C. The dorsal metacarpal vein in the hand
, D. The great saphenous vein in the lower leg
B. The cephalic vein in the forearm
Rationale: The cephalic vein in the forearm is a preferred site because it is
easily accessible, less prone to movement, and allows for comfortable
positioning during infusion.
3. Which gauge of intravenous catheter is most appropriate for a patient
requiring a rapid infusion of a large volume of fluid?
A. 24-gauge catheter
B. 22-gauge catheter
C. 20-gauge catheter
D. 14-gauge catheter
D. 14-gauge catheter
Rationale: A 14-gauge catheter has the largest lumen, allowing for the highest
flow rate, which is essential for rapid fluid resuscitation in emergency
situations.
4. When performing venipuncture, at which angle should the nurse insert the
needle for a peripheral IV catheter?
, A. 5 to 10 degrees
B. 15 to 30 degrees
C. 45 to 60 degrees
D. 90 degrees
B. 15 to 30 degrees
Rationale: A 15 to 30 degree angle allows the needle to enter the vein without
going through the posterior wall, which is the standard technique for
peripheral IV insertion.
5. Which of the following findings indicates that the intravenous catheter has
infiltrated the surrounding tissue?
A. Blood return in the tubing and a palpable vein
B. Cool, pale, and swollen skin around the insertion site
C. Warm, red, and tender skin along the vein pathway
D. A audible whooshing sound at the insertion site
B. Cool, pale, and swollen skin around the insertion site
Rationale: Infiltration occurs when IV fluid enters surrounding tissue, causing
disposal
2. Venipuncture site selection, vein assessment, and patient identification
procedures
3. IV catheter types, gauge selection, insertion technique, and stabilization
4. IV fluid types, tonicity, indications, complications, and flow rate calculation
5. IV administration sets, priming, tubing changes, and infusion pump
management
6. Blood withdrawal techniques, order of draw, tube selection, and labeling
7. Complications of IV therapy including infiltration, phlebitis, extravasation, and
air embolism
8. Blood transfusion administration, verification, reactions, and nursing
interventions
9. Central venous access devices, PICC lines, and their care and maintenance
10. Documentation, legal considerations, patient education, and scope of practice
,Intravenous (IV) Therapy and Blood Withdrawal Exam
1. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first when preparing
to start an intravenous line on a patient?
A. Gather all supplies and cleanse the site with alcohol
B. Verify the provider's order and check the patient's identification
C. Apply the tourniquet and select the appropriate vein
D. Prime the tubing and hang the IV solution
B. Verify the provider's order and check the patient's identification
Rationale: The first step in any invasive procedure is to verify the provider's
order and confirm patient identification using two identifiers to ensure safety
and prevent errors.
2. Which of the following veins is most commonly recommended for peripheral
intravenous catheter insertion in an adult patient?
A. The basilic vein in the antecubital fossa
B. The cephalic vein in the forearm
C. The dorsal metacarpal vein in the hand
, D. The great saphenous vein in the lower leg
B. The cephalic vein in the forearm
Rationale: The cephalic vein in the forearm is a preferred site because it is
easily accessible, less prone to movement, and allows for comfortable
positioning during infusion.
3. Which gauge of intravenous catheter is most appropriate for a patient
requiring a rapid infusion of a large volume of fluid?
A. 24-gauge catheter
B. 22-gauge catheter
C. 20-gauge catheter
D. 14-gauge catheter
D. 14-gauge catheter
Rationale: A 14-gauge catheter has the largest lumen, allowing for the highest
flow rate, which is essential for rapid fluid resuscitation in emergency
situations.
4. When performing venipuncture, at which angle should the nurse insert the
needle for a peripheral IV catheter?
, A. 5 to 10 degrees
B. 15 to 30 degrees
C. 45 to 60 degrees
D. 90 degrees
B. 15 to 30 degrees
Rationale: A 15 to 30 degree angle allows the needle to enter the vein without
going through the posterior wall, which is the standard technique for
peripheral IV insertion.
5. Which of the following findings indicates that the intravenous catheter has
infiltrated the surrounding tissue?
A. Blood return in the tubing and a palpable vein
B. Cool, pale, and swollen skin around the insertion site
C. Warm, red, and tender skin along the vein pathway
D. A audible whooshing sound at the insertion site
B. Cool, pale, and swollen skin around the insertion site
Rationale: Infiltration occurs when IV fluid enters surrounding tissue, causing
