Biology 101 First Exam Chapters 1 to 3 | Questions with Verified Answers
What are characteristics of living things 1. Living things contain nucleic acids,proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
2. Living things are composed of cells
3. Living things grow and reproduce
4. Living things use energy and raw materials
5. Living things respond to their environment
6. Living things maintain homeostasis
7. Populations of living things adapt and have adapt traits
Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions that occur within the cells of living things. Metabolic
activities extract energy from various nutrients and transform it to do different types
of work.
Homeostasis the relatively constant and self correcting internal environment of a living organism.
Homeostasis keeps body temperature within its limits for survival.
Adaptive traits traits that help it survive and reproduce in its natural habitat
Population individuals in the same species living in distinct geographic area
example: four-eyed butterfly fish living in a coral reef
Community all living species that can potentially interact in a particular geographic area
example: all species living in a coral reef
Ecosystem all the living organisms in a community along with their physical environment
Biosphere The part of the earth that supports life. The layer of the earth where life lives.
Example: If the earth were a basketball the biosphere would be the orange paint
Science A systematic approach to answering those questions, a way of acquiring knowledge
through carefully documented investigation and experimentation- the scientific
method
The Scientific method 1. Make careful observations, and ask a question about the observation
2. Develop a testable hypothesis as a possible answer to your question
3. Make a prediction based on your hypothesis, and test it with a controlled
experiment
4. Draw a conclusion based on the result of the experiment
5. Make new predictions and test them.
Controlled Experiment An experiment where the subjects being tested are split into two groups; the control
group and the experimental group
Variable whose effect the experiment is designed to reveal
Statistical Significance The measure of the possibility that the results were due to chance. Probability less
than 5% that the results are due to chance is generally acceptable. The lower the
number the more confidence that the results are accurate.
Theory A well supported and wide-ranging explanation of some aspect of the physical
universe.
Grade A+ | Updated
, Biology 101 First Exam Chapters 1 to 3 | Questions with Verified Answers
Inductive Reasoning Facts are accumulated through observation until the sheer weight of the evidence
allows some logical general statement to be made. Inductive reasoning is used to
develop a testable hypothesis.
Deductive Reasoning Begins with a general statement that leads logically to one or more deductions, or
conclusions. Referred to as the " If-then" series of associations. Helps to decide
whether the results of the experiment supported or refuted the hypothesis.
placebo A fake treatment given to the control group to control participant expectancy
informed consent A written agreement to participate in a study made by an adult who has been
informed of all the risks that participation may entail.
Atoms units of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary
chemical means. Atoms are composed of even smaller subatomic molecules such
as protons, neutrons and electrons. The subatomic particles are characterized by
their location in the atom, electrical charge, and mass.
Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass
Element A pure form of matter containing only one kind of atom.
Isotopes Atoms that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.
Radioisotopes Unstable radiation emitting isotopes
Compound Two or more elements combine to form a new chemical substance
Covalent Bond When two or more atoms share electrons in their outer shells.
Molecule A chemical structure held together by covalent bonds
Ion an atom or group of atoms that carries either a positive or negative electrical
charge.
Ionic bonding results from the mutual attraction of oppositely charged ions
Hydrogen Bonds the attraction between a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom and a slightly
negatively charged atom nearby. In the case of water the hydrogen bond is between
hydrogen atom and oxygen atom. However, the bond can be between a hydrogen
atom and other atoms of other elements.
Grade A+ | Updated
What are characteristics of living things 1. Living things contain nucleic acids,proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
2. Living things are composed of cells
3. Living things grow and reproduce
4. Living things use energy and raw materials
5. Living things respond to their environment
6. Living things maintain homeostasis
7. Populations of living things adapt and have adapt traits
Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions that occur within the cells of living things. Metabolic
activities extract energy from various nutrients and transform it to do different types
of work.
Homeostasis the relatively constant and self correcting internal environment of a living organism.
Homeostasis keeps body temperature within its limits for survival.
Adaptive traits traits that help it survive and reproduce in its natural habitat
Population individuals in the same species living in distinct geographic area
example: four-eyed butterfly fish living in a coral reef
Community all living species that can potentially interact in a particular geographic area
example: all species living in a coral reef
Ecosystem all the living organisms in a community along with their physical environment
Biosphere The part of the earth that supports life. The layer of the earth where life lives.
Example: If the earth were a basketball the biosphere would be the orange paint
Science A systematic approach to answering those questions, a way of acquiring knowledge
through carefully documented investigation and experimentation- the scientific
method
The Scientific method 1. Make careful observations, and ask a question about the observation
2. Develop a testable hypothesis as a possible answer to your question
3. Make a prediction based on your hypothesis, and test it with a controlled
experiment
4. Draw a conclusion based on the result of the experiment
5. Make new predictions and test them.
Controlled Experiment An experiment where the subjects being tested are split into two groups; the control
group and the experimental group
Variable whose effect the experiment is designed to reveal
Statistical Significance The measure of the possibility that the results were due to chance. Probability less
than 5% that the results are due to chance is generally acceptable. The lower the
number the more confidence that the results are accurate.
Theory A well supported and wide-ranging explanation of some aspect of the physical
universe.
Grade A+ | Updated
, Biology 101 First Exam Chapters 1 to 3 | Questions with Verified Answers
Inductive Reasoning Facts are accumulated through observation until the sheer weight of the evidence
allows some logical general statement to be made. Inductive reasoning is used to
develop a testable hypothesis.
Deductive Reasoning Begins with a general statement that leads logically to one or more deductions, or
conclusions. Referred to as the " If-then" series of associations. Helps to decide
whether the results of the experiment supported or refuted the hypothesis.
placebo A fake treatment given to the control group to control participant expectancy
informed consent A written agreement to participate in a study made by an adult who has been
informed of all the risks that participation may entail.
Atoms units of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary
chemical means. Atoms are composed of even smaller subatomic molecules such
as protons, neutrons and electrons. The subatomic particles are characterized by
their location in the atom, electrical charge, and mass.
Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass
Element A pure form of matter containing only one kind of atom.
Isotopes Atoms that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.
Radioisotopes Unstable radiation emitting isotopes
Compound Two or more elements combine to form a new chemical substance
Covalent Bond When two or more atoms share electrons in their outer shells.
Molecule A chemical structure held together by covalent bonds
Ion an atom or group of atoms that carries either a positive or negative electrical
charge.
Ionic bonding results from the mutual attraction of oppositely charged ions
Hydrogen Bonds the attraction between a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom and a slightly
negatively charged atom nearby. In the case of water the hydrogen bond is between
hydrogen atom and oxygen atom. However, the bond can be between a hydrogen
atom and other atoms of other elements.
Grade A+ | Updated
