Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
Instructor Manual
Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter..........................................................2
Chapter Activities and Assessments.................................................................2
Key Terms........................................................................................................ 2
What's New in This Chapter............................................................................ 4
Chapter Outline................................................................................................ 4
Additional Activities and Assignments.............................................................9
Additional Resources.......................................................................................9
Cengage Video Resources.............................................................................................................................9
External Videos or Playlist............................................................................................................................9
Internet Resources..........................................................................................................................................9
Primary Sources............................................................................................................................................. 9
Cengage Audio Resources............................................................................................................................. 9
External Audio Resources..............................................................................................................................9
List of Transcripts for Audio Assignments....................................................................................................9
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
,Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to establish a foundational understanding of social welfare policy and its
underlying value systems in American society. This chapter defines key concepts, including social
welfare, social welfare policy, and social welfare programs while examining the premises for studying
these systems. Students will explore the components and approaches to social welfare provision,
including residual versus institutional and universal versus selective frameworks. The chapter analyzes
how conflicting values and beliefs—such as individual versus social responsibility, deserving versus
undeserving recipients, and personal versus system failure—shape policy development and
implementation. Additionally, it examines the influence of religious and social values on policymaking
processes and discusses changing demographics that affect future social welfare needs and policy
directions.
CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
For a complete list of MindTap activities aligned to the text learning objectives and accreditation
standards, see the “Getting Started” folder at the top of the MindTap learning path or download the
Correlation Grid file in the Cengage Instructor Center.
Also note that within the printed text and eBook, each chapter contains exercises and discussion questions
that can be found at the end of each chapter, all designed to reinforce and assess knowledge of the
chapter’s learning objectives.
[return to top]
KEY TERMS
- Belief: An opinion or conviction held by an individual that influences their perspective on social issues
and policy decisions.
- Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act: Federal legislation enacted in 2020 that
provided financial assistance to businesses and individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Empathy: The ability to identify with another person's experience by entering into their situation rather
than simply feeling sorry for their misfortune.
- Federal Insurance Contribution Act (FICA): Federal law requiring employers to withhold a percentage
of employee wages for the Social Security Trust Fund.
- Inflation Reduction Act of 2022: Federal legislation signed by President Biden that included provisions
for government negotiation of prescription drug prices to lower costs for Medicare recipients.
- Institutional social welfare policy: An approach that views social welfare programs as a normal part of
society's structure designed to prevent problems before they occur.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
,Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
- Paycheck Protection Program and Healthcare Enhancement Act: Federal legislation that provided
additional funding to businesses and healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Provider: An individual, organization, or government entity that contributes resources or services to the
social welfare system.
- Recipient: An individual or group that receives benefits, services, or assistance from social welfare
programs.
- Residual social welfare policy: An approach that calls for public intervention only after normal support
systems like family and marketplace have failed.
- Selectivity: A principle that restricts social services to those who can demonstrate need through
established eligibility criteria.
- Social empathy: Using understanding of historical context and different life experiences to inform
policymaking from the perspective of others.
- Social justice: An ideal condition where all society members have equal basic rights, protection,
opportunities, obligations, and social benefits.
- Social Security: The common name for the federal social insurance program that provides benefits to
eligible workers and their families.
- Social Security Act of 1935: Landmark federal legislation that established the foundation for today's
Social Security and public assistance programs.
- Social Security Trust Fund: The federal fund that receives FICA contributions and pays out Social
Security benefits to eligible recipients.
- Social welfare: The well-being of society as a whole, encompassing the collective health and balance of
all community members.
- Social welfare policy: The collective response to social problems, representing a position to act or not
act on social issues.
- Social welfare programs: The actual services and benefits that result from the implementation of social
welfare policies.
- Social welfare system: The organized efforts and structures used to provide for societal well-being
through policies, programs, and services.
- Sympathy: Compassion and sorrow for someone's misfortune coupled with a desire to alleviate their
suffering.
- Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP): Federal program that used public funds to provide loans and
support to private financial institutions during the 2008 financial crisis.
- Universality: A principle that provides social services and benefits to all members of society regardless
of their income or means.
- Value: The worth, desirability, or usefulness that individuals or society place on something, influencing
policy priorities and decisions.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
, Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
[return to top]
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
The following elements are content updates in this chapter:
Learning objectives have been added
New “For Debate and Consideration” section has been added to the End of Chapter content
Updated legislative examples
Expanded discussions of the role of government and states’ rights
[return to top]
CHAPTER OUTLINE
Chapter Objectives
1-1 Define social welfare and social welfare policy.
Key Concept: Social welfare refers to the well-being of society as a collective whole, while social
welfare policy represents society's collective response to social problems, which can include active
intervention or deliberate inaction.
Discussion Question: How does the government's initial response to COVID-19 in 2020
illustrate that "doing nothing" is also a form of social welfare policy?
Sample Response: The initial federal decision to downplay COVID-19 and let local
communities handle the response represented a policy choice of non-intervention. This
demonstrates that social welfare policy includes both active responses and deliberate
decisions not to act at the federal level.
Teaching Tips/Strategies: Use current events to help students recognize policy decisions in
everyday life. Address the misconception that policy only means active government programs
by providing examples of deliberate non-action as policy choices.
Key Concept: Social welfare programs are the concrete products that result from social welfare
policies, translating policy positions into actual services and interventions that affect people's daily lives.
Discussion Question: In what ways do you personally interact with social welfare programs on a
typical day, and how might your life be different without these programs?
Sample Response: Students might identify driving on public roads, attending publicly funded
schools, or having FICA deductions from paychecks. Without these programs, individuals would
need to privately fund education, transportation infrastructure, and retirement security.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
Instructor Manual
Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter..........................................................2
Chapter Activities and Assessments.................................................................2
Key Terms........................................................................................................ 2
What's New in This Chapter............................................................................ 4
Chapter Outline................................................................................................ 4
Additional Activities and Assignments.............................................................9
Additional Resources.......................................................................................9
Cengage Video Resources.............................................................................................................................9
External Videos or Playlist............................................................................................................................9
Internet Resources..........................................................................................................................................9
Primary Sources............................................................................................................................................. 9
Cengage Audio Resources............................................................................................................................. 9
External Audio Resources..............................................................................................................................9
List of Transcripts for Audio Assignments....................................................................................................9
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
,Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to establish a foundational understanding of social welfare policy and its
underlying value systems in American society. This chapter defines key concepts, including social
welfare, social welfare policy, and social welfare programs while examining the premises for studying
these systems. Students will explore the components and approaches to social welfare provision,
including residual versus institutional and universal versus selective frameworks. The chapter analyzes
how conflicting values and beliefs—such as individual versus social responsibility, deserving versus
undeserving recipients, and personal versus system failure—shape policy development and
implementation. Additionally, it examines the influence of religious and social values on policymaking
processes and discusses changing demographics that affect future social welfare needs and policy
directions.
CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
For a complete list of MindTap activities aligned to the text learning objectives and accreditation
standards, see the “Getting Started” folder at the top of the MindTap learning path or download the
Correlation Grid file in the Cengage Instructor Center.
Also note that within the printed text and eBook, each chapter contains exercises and discussion questions
that can be found at the end of each chapter, all designed to reinforce and assess knowledge of the
chapter’s learning objectives.
[return to top]
KEY TERMS
- Belief: An opinion or conviction held by an individual that influences their perspective on social issues
and policy decisions.
- Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act: Federal legislation enacted in 2020 that
provided financial assistance to businesses and individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Empathy: The ability to identify with another person's experience by entering into their situation rather
than simply feeling sorry for their misfortune.
- Federal Insurance Contribution Act (FICA): Federal law requiring employers to withhold a percentage
of employee wages for the Social Security Trust Fund.
- Inflation Reduction Act of 2022: Federal legislation signed by President Biden that included provisions
for government negotiation of prescription drug prices to lower costs for Medicare recipients.
- Institutional social welfare policy: An approach that views social welfare programs as a normal part of
society's structure designed to prevent problems before they occur.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
,Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
- Paycheck Protection Program and Healthcare Enhancement Act: Federal legislation that provided
additional funding to businesses and healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Provider: An individual, organization, or government entity that contributes resources or services to the
social welfare system.
- Recipient: An individual or group that receives benefits, services, or assistance from social welfare
programs.
- Residual social welfare policy: An approach that calls for public intervention only after normal support
systems like family and marketplace have failed.
- Selectivity: A principle that restricts social services to those who can demonstrate need through
established eligibility criteria.
- Social empathy: Using understanding of historical context and different life experiences to inform
policymaking from the perspective of others.
- Social justice: An ideal condition where all society members have equal basic rights, protection,
opportunities, obligations, and social benefits.
- Social Security: The common name for the federal social insurance program that provides benefits to
eligible workers and their families.
- Social Security Act of 1935: Landmark federal legislation that established the foundation for today's
Social Security and public assistance programs.
- Social Security Trust Fund: The federal fund that receives FICA contributions and pays out Social
Security benefits to eligible recipients.
- Social welfare: The well-being of society as a whole, encompassing the collective health and balance of
all community members.
- Social welfare policy: The collective response to social problems, representing a position to act or not
act on social issues.
- Social welfare programs: The actual services and benefits that result from the implementation of social
welfare policies.
- Social welfare system: The organized efforts and structures used to provide for societal well-being
through policies, programs, and services.
- Sympathy: Compassion and sorrow for someone's misfortune coupled with a desire to alleviate their
suffering.
- Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP): Federal program that used public funds to provide loans and
support to private financial institutions during the 2008 financial crisis.
- Universality: A principle that provides social services and benefits to all members of society regardless
of their income or means.
- Value: The worth, desirability, or usefulness that individuals or society place on something, influencing
policy priorities and decisions.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
, Instructor Manual: Elizabeth A. Segal, Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values, 5, ©2027, 9798214130644;
Chapter 1: Social Welfare Policy and Underlying Values
[return to top]
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
The following elements are content updates in this chapter:
Learning objectives have been added
New “For Debate and Consideration” section has been added to the End of Chapter content
Updated legislative examples
Expanded discussions of the role of government and states’ rights
[return to top]
CHAPTER OUTLINE
Chapter Objectives
1-1 Define social welfare and social welfare policy.
Key Concept: Social welfare refers to the well-being of society as a collective whole, while social
welfare policy represents society's collective response to social problems, which can include active
intervention or deliberate inaction.
Discussion Question: How does the government's initial response to COVID-19 in 2020
illustrate that "doing nothing" is also a form of social welfare policy?
Sample Response: The initial federal decision to downplay COVID-19 and let local
communities handle the response represented a policy choice of non-intervention. This
demonstrates that social welfare policy includes both active responses and deliberate
decisions not to act at the federal level.
Teaching Tips/Strategies: Use current events to help students recognize policy decisions in
everyday life. Address the misconception that policy only means active government programs
by providing examples of deliberate non-action as policy choices.
Key Concept: Social welfare programs are the concrete products that result from social welfare
policies, translating policy positions into actual services and interventions that affect people's daily lives.
Discussion Question: In what ways do you personally interact with social welfare programs on a
typical day, and how might your life be different without these programs?
Sample Response: Students might identify driving on public roads, attending publicly funded
schools, or having FICA deductions from paychecks. Without these programs, individuals would
need to privately fund education, transportation infrastructure, and retirement security.
© 20YY Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
PA
