Bios 242 unit 5
Bios 242 unit 5 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Bios 242 unit 5
Q1 Opportunistic pathogens
A cause disease in compromised individuals
Q2 The objective evidence of disease noted by an observer is termed a/an ______.
A sign
Q3 An infectious agent already existing on or in the body is called ______.
A endogenous
Q4 Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?
A droplets
Q5 The term infection refers to (select all that apply) -microorganisms colonizing the body.
A -Pathogens penetrating host defenses - Microorganisms colonizing the body
Q6 Normal biota
A -Large and diverse collection of microbes living on and in the body also known as resident or
indigenous biota or normal flora. - include an array of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses
-plays a key role in the development of the immune system and provide microbial
antagonism.
Q7 Acquiring Resident Microbiota
A -starts during birth when the baby becomes colonized with the mother's vaginal biota, bottle
feeding, breast feeding, contact w/ people during first 6 months of development. -specific
microbes found in skin, GI tract, upper respiratory system and reproductive system.
Q8 Abnormal site
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,Bios 242 unit 5
A can occur when normal biota is introduced to a site that was previously sterile
Q9 Weak immune system
A Age (very young or old) genetic defects in immunity, acquired defects in immunity (AIDS),
pregnancy, surgery, organ transplant, chemotherapy/immunosuppressive drugs, and
physical and mental stress
Q10 Broad-Spectrium Antibiotics
A kill normal good bacteria and now pathogenic bacteria can colonize w/o competition
Q11 The effect of beneficial microbes of normal biota against invading microbes is called ______.
A microbial antagonism
Q12 Which of the following is inoculation of normal biota to a newborn
A E.
Q13 Opportunistic infections can result when:
A - pts are immune compromised (a pt w/ AIDS) - microbial antagonism is affected by changes
in the body (ie: treatment of another infection w/ antibiotics) - normal microbiota are
introduced to a new location in the body.
Q14 Nosocomial infections
A - an infection acquired in a health care facility - Latrogenic infections are specific types of
nosocomial infections resulting directly from the use of invasive procedures, surgeries, and
devices such as catheters
Q15 Infection
A A condition in which pathogenic microorganisms penetrate host defenses, enter the tissues,
and multiply. - (EASIEST WAY TO REMEMBER): Invasion of the body by a pathogen!!!
Q16 Pathological state
A Cumulative effects of infection damage Disruption of tissues and organs Results in disease
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, Bios 242 unit 5
Q17 Disease
A any deviation from health
Q18 Infectious disease
A disruption of tissues or organs caused by microbes or their products
Q19 Step 1: (Portal of entry) Exogenous pathogens
A originating from outside the body, e.g. (the environment, another person, or animal)
Q20 Endogenous pathogens
A already existing on or in the body, e.g. (already existing on or in the body, e.g. the normal
biota or a previously silent infection)
Q21 Pathogens that infect pregnancy and birth
A a few microbes cross the placenta and are spread by the umbilical vein into the fetal tissues.
other infections are transmitted perinatally as the child passes through the birth canal.
Q22 TORCH
A acronym used for pathogens/diseases that can transfer from mother to developing embryo
T= Toxoplasmosis O= other diseases (syphilis, coxsackievirus, varicella zoster, AIDS, and
chlamydia) R= Rubella C= Cytomegalovirus H= Herpes simplex virus
Q23 Step 2: (attaching to host)
A E coli, neisseria gonorrhoeae use fimbriae and slime layer used to attach to surfaces -viruses
use spikes to enter host cells
Q24 Step 3: (surviving host defenses)
A Bacteria that are pathogenic, or disease causing develop traits that allow them to establish
an infection and evade the immune system - example: klebsiella uses capsules to hide from
immune system.
Page 3
Bios 242 unit 5 – UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Bios 242 unit 5
Q1 Opportunistic pathogens
A cause disease in compromised individuals
Q2 The objective evidence of disease noted by an observer is termed a/an ______.
A sign
Q3 An infectious agent already existing on or in the body is called ______.
A endogenous
Q4 Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?
A droplets
Q5 The term infection refers to (select all that apply) -microorganisms colonizing the body.
A -Pathogens penetrating host defenses - Microorganisms colonizing the body
Q6 Normal biota
A -Large and diverse collection of microbes living on and in the body also known as resident or
indigenous biota or normal flora. - include an array of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses
-plays a key role in the development of the immune system and provide microbial
antagonism.
Q7 Acquiring Resident Microbiota
A -starts during birth when the baby becomes colonized with the mother's vaginal biota, bottle
feeding, breast feeding, contact w/ people during first 6 months of development. -specific
microbes found in skin, GI tract, upper respiratory system and reproductive system.
Q8 Abnormal site
Page 1
,Bios 242 unit 5
A can occur when normal biota is introduced to a site that was previously sterile
Q9 Weak immune system
A Age (very young or old) genetic defects in immunity, acquired defects in immunity (AIDS),
pregnancy, surgery, organ transplant, chemotherapy/immunosuppressive drugs, and
physical and mental stress
Q10 Broad-Spectrium Antibiotics
A kill normal good bacteria and now pathogenic bacteria can colonize w/o competition
Q11 The effect of beneficial microbes of normal biota against invading microbes is called ______.
A microbial antagonism
Q12 Which of the following is inoculation of normal biota to a newborn
A E.
Q13 Opportunistic infections can result when:
A - pts are immune compromised (a pt w/ AIDS) - microbial antagonism is affected by changes
in the body (ie: treatment of another infection w/ antibiotics) - normal microbiota are
introduced to a new location in the body.
Q14 Nosocomial infections
A - an infection acquired in a health care facility - Latrogenic infections are specific types of
nosocomial infections resulting directly from the use of invasive procedures, surgeries, and
devices such as catheters
Q15 Infection
A A condition in which pathogenic microorganisms penetrate host defenses, enter the tissues,
and multiply. - (EASIEST WAY TO REMEMBER): Invasion of the body by a pathogen!!!
Q16 Pathological state
A Cumulative effects of infection damage Disruption of tissues and organs Results in disease
Page 2
, Bios 242 unit 5
Q17 Disease
A any deviation from health
Q18 Infectious disease
A disruption of tissues or organs caused by microbes or their products
Q19 Step 1: (Portal of entry) Exogenous pathogens
A originating from outside the body, e.g. (the environment, another person, or animal)
Q20 Endogenous pathogens
A already existing on or in the body, e.g. (already existing on or in the body, e.g. the normal
biota or a previously silent infection)
Q21 Pathogens that infect pregnancy and birth
A a few microbes cross the placenta and are spread by the umbilical vein into the fetal tissues.
other infections are transmitted perinatally as the child passes through the birth canal.
Q22 TORCH
A acronym used for pathogens/diseases that can transfer from mother to developing embryo
T= Toxoplasmosis O= other diseases (syphilis, coxsackievirus, varicella zoster, AIDS, and
chlamydia) R= Rubella C= Cytomegalovirus H= Herpes simplex virus
Q23 Step 2: (attaching to host)
A E coli, neisseria gonorrhoeae use fimbriae and slime layer used to attach to surfaces -viruses
use spikes to enter host cells
Q24 Step 3: (surviving host defenses)
A Bacteria that are pathogenic, or disease causing develop traits that allow them to establish
an infection and evade the immune system - example: klebsiella uses capsules to hide from
immune system.
Page 3
