Pediatric Immunization: Midterm Exam (Units 1-7) - Questions
with Correct Answers
100 questions
1. Immunity acquired by receiving a vaccine is:
A. Natural passive immunity
B. Artificial active immunity
C. Artificial passive immunity
D. Innate immunity
Correct Answer: B. Artificial active immunity
Rationale: The body makes its own response.
2. Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity:
A. Is slow and lifelong
B. Is immediate but short-lived
C. Requires vaccination
D. Produces memory cells
Correct Answer: B. Is immediate but short-lived
Rationale: Weeks to months.
3. Humoral immunity is provided by:
A. T cells only
B. Skin
C. Antibodies produced by B cells
D. Neutrophils only
Correct Answer: C. Antibodies produced by B cells
Rationale: Antibody-mediated.
4. Immune globulin given before MMR may reduce the vaccine's effectiveness because:
A. It increases fever
B. Passive antibodies can neutralize the live vaccine virus
C. It causes allergy
D. It destroys the syringe
Correct Answer: B. Passive antibodies can neutralize the live vaccine virus
Rationale: Wait intervals apply.
5. Waning immunity is a reason for:
A. Never revaccinating
B. Adolescent Tdap and MenACWY boosters
C. Stopping all vaccines
D. Giving antibiotics
Correct Answer: B. Adolescent Tdap and MenACWY boosters
Rationale: Pertussis immunity wanes.
6. A child who had natural chickenpox infection usually develops:
A. No immunity
B. Passive immunity
C. Long-lasting active immunity
D. Immunity only for one week
Correct Answer: C. Long-lasting active immunity
Rationale: Natural infection immunity.
,7. The immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self is called:
A. Self-tolerance
B. Anaphylaxis
C. Seroconversion
D. Herd immunity
Correct Answer: A. Self-tolerance
Rationale: Prevents autoimmunity.
8. An infant's protection from maternal IgG antibodies is an example of:
A. Natural passive immunity
B. Natural active immunity
C. Artificial active immunity
D. Artificial passive immunity
Correct Answer: A. Natural passive immunity
Rationale: IgG crosses the placenta.
9. Lymphocytes mature into antibody-producing:
A. Red blood cells
B. Plasma cells
C. Platelets
D. Macrophages
Correct Answer: B. Plasma cells
Rationale: B-cell differentiation.
10. Booster doses are given to:
A. Replace the first dose
B. Treat active infection
C. Restore or strengthen waning immunity
D. Cause natural infection
Correct Answer: C. Restore or strengthen waning immunity
Rationale: E.g., DTaP boosters.
11. Breastfeeding does NOT replace vaccination because:
A. Breast milk has no antibodies
B. Breast milk causes disease
C. Breast milk antibodies provide only partial, temporary mucosal protection
D. Vaccines block breastfeeding
Correct Answer: C. Breast milk antibodies provide only partial, temporary mucosal protection
Rationale: Both are beneficial.
12. The 'window of vulnerability' in infancy is when:
A. Maternal antibodies have waned but the infant is not yet fully vaccinated
B. The infant is fully vaccinated
C. The mother is vaccinated
D. The child is a teenager
Correct Answer: A. Maternal antibodies have waned but the infant is not yet fully vaccinated
Rationale: Reason for timely vaccines.
, 13. T-cell-independent antigens, such as plain polysaccharides, produce poor responses in:
A. Adolescents
B. Healthy adults
C. Children under 2 years
D. Older children
Correct Answer: C. Children under 2 years
Rationale: Why conjugate vaccines are used in infants.
14. Vaccine efficacy refers to:
A. Vaccine cost
B. The reduction in disease among vaccinated people in controlled trials
C. Number of doses sold
D. Shelf life
Correct Answer: B. The reduction in disease among vaccinated people in controlled trials
Rationale: Measured in studies.
15. Immunologic memory after vaccination means that a vaccinated child exposed to the
disease:
A. Mounts a rapid protective response
B. Always gets sick
C. Needs immune globulin always
D. Has no response
Correct Answer: A. Mounts a rapid protective response
Rationale: Protection.
16. Which statement about combination vaccines is accurate?
A. They are less effective
B. They contain more preservatives always
C. They require extra doses
D. They are as safe and effective as separate injections
Correct Answer: D. They are as safe and effective as separate injections
Rationale: Licensed after testing.
17. The 'aP' in DTaP stands for:
A. Attenuated polio
B. Active pneumococcal
C. Acellular pertussis
D. Adjuvanted protein
Correct Answer: C. Acellular pertussis
Rationale: Purified components.
18. Vaxelis contains:
A. DTaP, IPV, Hib and HepB
B. MMR, varicella and HepA
C. PCV and MenACWY
D. HPV and Tdap
Correct Answer: A. DTaP, IPV, Hib and HepB
Rationale: Hexavalent vaccine.
with Correct Answers
100 questions
1. Immunity acquired by receiving a vaccine is:
A. Natural passive immunity
B. Artificial active immunity
C. Artificial passive immunity
D. Innate immunity
Correct Answer: B. Artificial active immunity
Rationale: The body makes its own response.
2. Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity:
A. Is slow and lifelong
B. Is immediate but short-lived
C. Requires vaccination
D. Produces memory cells
Correct Answer: B. Is immediate but short-lived
Rationale: Weeks to months.
3. Humoral immunity is provided by:
A. T cells only
B. Skin
C. Antibodies produced by B cells
D. Neutrophils only
Correct Answer: C. Antibodies produced by B cells
Rationale: Antibody-mediated.
4. Immune globulin given before MMR may reduce the vaccine's effectiveness because:
A. It increases fever
B. Passive antibodies can neutralize the live vaccine virus
C. It causes allergy
D. It destroys the syringe
Correct Answer: B. Passive antibodies can neutralize the live vaccine virus
Rationale: Wait intervals apply.
5. Waning immunity is a reason for:
A. Never revaccinating
B. Adolescent Tdap and MenACWY boosters
C. Stopping all vaccines
D. Giving antibiotics
Correct Answer: B. Adolescent Tdap and MenACWY boosters
Rationale: Pertussis immunity wanes.
6. A child who had natural chickenpox infection usually develops:
A. No immunity
B. Passive immunity
C. Long-lasting active immunity
D. Immunity only for one week
Correct Answer: C. Long-lasting active immunity
Rationale: Natural infection immunity.
,7. The immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self is called:
A. Self-tolerance
B. Anaphylaxis
C. Seroconversion
D. Herd immunity
Correct Answer: A. Self-tolerance
Rationale: Prevents autoimmunity.
8. An infant's protection from maternal IgG antibodies is an example of:
A. Natural passive immunity
B. Natural active immunity
C. Artificial active immunity
D. Artificial passive immunity
Correct Answer: A. Natural passive immunity
Rationale: IgG crosses the placenta.
9. Lymphocytes mature into antibody-producing:
A. Red blood cells
B. Plasma cells
C. Platelets
D. Macrophages
Correct Answer: B. Plasma cells
Rationale: B-cell differentiation.
10. Booster doses are given to:
A. Replace the first dose
B. Treat active infection
C. Restore or strengthen waning immunity
D. Cause natural infection
Correct Answer: C. Restore or strengthen waning immunity
Rationale: E.g., DTaP boosters.
11. Breastfeeding does NOT replace vaccination because:
A. Breast milk has no antibodies
B. Breast milk causes disease
C. Breast milk antibodies provide only partial, temporary mucosal protection
D. Vaccines block breastfeeding
Correct Answer: C. Breast milk antibodies provide only partial, temporary mucosal protection
Rationale: Both are beneficial.
12. The 'window of vulnerability' in infancy is when:
A. Maternal antibodies have waned but the infant is not yet fully vaccinated
B. The infant is fully vaccinated
C. The mother is vaccinated
D. The child is a teenager
Correct Answer: A. Maternal antibodies have waned but the infant is not yet fully vaccinated
Rationale: Reason for timely vaccines.
, 13. T-cell-independent antigens, such as plain polysaccharides, produce poor responses in:
A. Adolescents
B. Healthy adults
C. Children under 2 years
D. Older children
Correct Answer: C. Children under 2 years
Rationale: Why conjugate vaccines are used in infants.
14. Vaccine efficacy refers to:
A. Vaccine cost
B. The reduction in disease among vaccinated people in controlled trials
C. Number of doses sold
D. Shelf life
Correct Answer: B. The reduction in disease among vaccinated people in controlled trials
Rationale: Measured in studies.
15. Immunologic memory after vaccination means that a vaccinated child exposed to the
disease:
A. Mounts a rapid protective response
B. Always gets sick
C. Needs immune globulin always
D. Has no response
Correct Answer: A. Mounts a rapid protective response
Rationale: Protection.
16. Which statement about combination vaccines is accurate?
A. They are less effective
B. They contain more preservatives always
C. They require extra doses
D. They are as safe and effective as separate injections
Correct Answer: D. They are as safe and effective as separate injections
Rationale: Licensed after testing.
17. The 'aP' in DTaP stands for:
A. Attenuated polio
B. Active pneumococcal
C. Acellular pertussis
D. Adjuvanted protein
Correct Answer: C. Acellular pertussis
Rationale: Purified components.
18. Vaxelis contains:
A. DTaP, IPV, Hib and HepB
B. MMR, varicella and HepA
C. PCV and MenACWY
D. HPV and Tdap
Correct Answer: A. DTaP, IPV, Hib and HepB
Rationale: Hexavalent vaccine.
