,PSYC 341 Quiz 2 | Psychology of Personality (2026)
Q&A | Liberty University
1. According to Alfred Adler, the goal toward which a psychologically healthy person strives
is:
A) Personal superiority over others
B) Social interest and community feeling
C) Repression of inferiority feelings
D) Attainment of personal power
Correct Answer: Social interest and community feeling
Rationale: Adler believed that psychologically healthy individuals strive toward social
interest, which involves a genuine concern for the welfare of others and a desire to
contribute to society. He saw this as the highest form of human motivation, contrasting with
the neurotic pursuit of personal superiority. The other options represent mistaken or
maladaptive goals.
2. Which issue became part of a bitter debate between Melanie Klein and Anna Freud
during the 1920s and 1930s?
A) The role of the Oedipus complex in girls
B) The idea of childhood psychoanalysis
C) The importance of the collective unconscious
D) The concept of archetypes
Correct Answer: The idea of childhood psychoanalysis
,Rationale: The debate between Melanie Klein and Anna Freud centered on the idea of
childhood psychoanalysis, particularly whether young children could be analyzed and what
techniques should be used. Klein emphasized play therapy and early object relations, while
Freud stressed the importance of the child's relationship with parents. This controversy
deeply divided the British Psycho-Analytical Society.
3. An infant remains calm when her mother exits the room, leaving her with a stranger.
When the mother returns, the infant ignores her. According to Mary Ainsworth, this infant
is displaying the _____ attachment style.
A) Secure
B) Anxious-resistant
C) Anxious-avoidant
D) Disorganized
Correct Answer: Anxious-avoidant
Rationale: In Ainsworth's Strange Situation, an anxious-avoidant infant shows little
distress when the mother leaves and avoids or ignores her upon return. This pattern
suggests the infant has learned to suppress attachment needs because the caregiver has
been consistently unresponsive. Secure infants greet the mother positively, while anxious-
resistant infants show ambivalence.
4. Carl Jung called the feminine side of males the:
A) Shadow
B) Animus
C) Persona
D) Anima
Correct Answer: Anima
, Rationale: In Jung's theory, the anima is the feminine archetype in men, representing the
unconscious feminine qualities that men possess. The animus is the masculine archetype in
women. The shadow represents the dark, repressed aspects of the personality, and the
persona is the socially acceptable mask presented to others.
5. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious refers to:
A) Thoughts and feelings that are not currently in conscious awareness
B) A deeper level of unconsciousness made up of archetypes common to all people
C) The personal experiences that have been repressed
D) The socially acceptable front presented to others
Correct Answer: A deeper level of unconsciousness made up of archetypes common to
all people
Rationale: Jung's concept of the collective unconscious refers to a deeper layer of the
unconscious that contains archetypes—universal, inherited symbols and patterns of
thought that are common to all humanity. The personal unconscious contains individual
repressed thoughts and feelings, while the persona is the public mask.
6. Firstborn children, according to Alfred Adler, are likely to:
A) Develop moderate competitiveness
B) Have intensified feelings of power and superiority
C) Become overly dependent on others
D) Rebel against authority figures
Correct Answer: Have intensified feelings of power and superiority
Q&A | Liberty University
1. According to Alfred Adler, the goal toward which a psychologically healthy person strives
is:
A) Personal superiority over others
B) Social interest and community feeling
C) Repression of inferiority feelings
D) Attainment of personal power
Correct Answer: Social interest and community feeling
Rationale: Adler believed that psychologically healthy individuals strive toward social
interest, which involves a genuine concern for the welfare of others and a desire to
contribute to society. He saw this as the highest form of human motivation, contrasting with
the neurotic pursuit of personal superiority. The other options represent mistaken or
maladaptive goals.
2. Which issue became part of a bitter debate between Melanie Klein and Anna Freud
during the 1920s and 1930s?
A) The role of the Oedipus complex in girls
B) The idea of childhood psychoanalysis
C) The importance of the collective unconscious
D) The concept of archetypes
Correct Answer: The idea of childhood psychoanalysis
,Rationale: The debate between Melanie Klein and Anna Freud centered on the idea of
childhood psychoanalysis, particularly whether young children could be analyzed and what
techniques should be used. Klein emphasized play therapy and early object relations, while
Freud stressed the importance of the child's relationship with parents. This controversy
deeply divided the British Psycho-Analytical Society.
3. An infant remains calm when her mother exits the room, leaving her with a stranger.
When the mother returns, the infant ignores her. According to Mary Ainsworth, this infant
is displaying the _____ attachment style.
A) Secure
B) Anxious-resistant
C) Anxious-avoidant
D) Disorganized
Correct Answer: Anxious-avoidant
Rationale: In Ainsworth's Strange Situation, an anxious-avoidant infant shows little
distress when the mother leaves and avoids or ignores her upon return. This pattern
suggests the infant has learned to suppress attachment needs because the caregiver has
been consistently unresponsive. Secure infants greet the mother positively, while anxious-
resistant infants show ambivalence.
4. Carl Jung called the feminine side of males the:
A) Shadow
B) Animus
C) Persona
D) Anima
Correct Answer: Anima
, Rationale: In Jung's theory, the anima is the feminine archetype in men, representing the
unconscious feminine qualities that men possess. The animus is the masculine archetype in
women. The shadow represents the dark, repressed aspects of the personality, and the
persona is the socially acceptable mask presented to others.
5. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious refers to:
A) Thoughts and feelings that are not currently in conscious awareness
B) A deeper level of unconsciousness made up of archetypes common to all people
C) The personal experiences that have been repressed
D) The socially acceptable front presented to others
Correct Answer: A deeper level of unconsciousness made up of archetypes common to
all people
Rationale: Jung's concept of the collective unconscious refers to a deeper layer of the
unconscious that contains archetypes—universal, inherited symbols and patterns of
thought that are common to all humanity. The personal unconscious contains individual
repressed thoughts and feelings, while the persona is the public mask.
6. Firstborn children, according to Alfred Adler, are likely to:
A) Develop moderate competitiveness
B) Have intensified feelings of power and superiority
C) Become overly dependent on others
D) Rebel against authority figures
Correct Answer: Have intensified feelings of power and superiority
