ABP General Paediatrics Board Certification Exam 2026:
Comprehensive Physician Practice Test — Neonatology, Infectious
Diseases, Emergency Care, Development, Clinical Diagnosis &
Management — 190 Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers &
Detailed Rationales
Question 1
A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. The mother reports the
infant smiles responsively, holds head steady when upright, and brings hands to mouth. The
infant does not yet roll over. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
A. Immediate referral to pediatric neurology for global developmental delay
B. Reassurance that these milestones are appropriate for age
C. Order MRI of the brain to evaluate for structural abnormalities
D. Initiate early intervention physical therapy services
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: These milestones are appropriate for a 4-month-old infant. Rolling over
typically occurs between 4 and 6 months. Reassurance and continued developmental
surveillance are appropriate .
Question 2
A 2-week-old neonate presents with jaundice extending to the palms and soles. Total serum
bilirubin is 18 mg/dL. The infant was born at 39 weeks via spontaneous vaginal delivery and
is exclusively breastfeeding with adequate output. Which of the following is the most
important next step in management?
,A. Discontinue breastfeeding and switch to formula
B. Initiate intensive phototherapy immediately
C. Reassure parents that this is breast milk jaundice
D. Check direct bilirubin and reticulocyte count
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Bilirubin of 18 mg/dL at 2 weeks exceeds the threshold for phototherapy based
on the Bhutani nomogram. Intensive phototherapy is indicated to prevent kernicterus .
Question 3
A 15-year-old female presents for a sports physical. She reports menarche at age 13 and
regular cycles. She denies sexual activity. Which of the following screenings is most
appropriate at this visit?
A. Routine pelvic examination
B. Chlamydia screening
C. Depression screening
D. Pap smear
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Annual depression screening is recommended for all adolescents. Pelvic
examination, Pap smear, and STI screening are not indicated in asymptomatic, non-sexually
active adolescents .
Question 4
Comprehensive Physician Practice Test — Neonatology, Infectious
Diseases, Emergency Care, Development, Clinical Diagnosis &
Management — 190 Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers &
Detailed Rationales
Question 1
A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. The mother reports the
infant smiles responsively, holds head steady when upright, and brings hands to mouth. The
infant does not yet roll over. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
A. Immediate referral to pediatric neurology for global developmental delay
B. Reassurance that these milestones are appropriate for age
C. Order MRI of the brain to evaluate for structural abnormalities
D. Initiate early intervention physical therapy services
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: These milestones are appropriate for a 4-month-old infant. Rolling over
typically occurs between 4 and 6 months. Reassurance and continued developmental
surveillance are appropriate .
Question 2
A 2-week-old neonate presents with jaundice extending to the palms and soles. Total serum
bilirubin is 18 mg/dL. The infant was born at 39 weeks via spontaneous vaginal delivery and
is exclusively breastfeeding with adequate output. Which of the following is the most
important next step in management?
,A. Discontinue breastfeeding and switch to formula
B. Initiate intensive phototherapy immediately
C. Reassure parents that this is breast milk jaundice
D. Check direct bilirubin and reticulocyte count
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Bilirubin of 18 mg/dL at 2 weeks exceeds the threshold for phototherapy based
on the Bhutani nomogram. Intensive phototherapy is indicated to prevent kernicterus .
Question 3
A 15-year-old female presents for a sports physical. She reports menarche at age 13 and
regular cycles. She denies sexual activity. Which of the following screenings is most
appropriate at this visit?
A. Routine pelvic examination
B. Chlamydia screening
C. Depression screening
D. Pap smear
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Annual depression screening is recommended for all adolescents. Pelvic
examination, Pap smear, and STI screening are not indicated in asymptomatic, non-sexually
active adolescents .
Question 4
