EXAM 2026|2027 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
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A patient asks how to reduce the risk of transmitting hepatitis B to
others. Which teaching is most appropriate?
A. Avoid sharing razors, toothbrushes, needles, and other items that
may be contaminated with blood.
B. Avoid all physical contact with household members.
C. Use antibiotics before sexual intercourse.
D. Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily through contaminated food.
Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through infected blood and
certain body fluids. Patients should avoid sharing needles, razors,
toothbrushes, nail clippers, and other personal items that may contain
blood. Safe sexual practices, appropriate vaccination, and precautions
when handling blood are also important.
A nurse is providing primary prevention teaching to a patient at
increased risk for hepatitis B. Which intervention provides the most
direct protection?
A. Annual chest radiography
B. Hepatitis B vaccination
C. Daily vitamin supplementation
D. Routine antibiotic therapy
,Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccination is a major primary prevention
strategy. Additional measures include safer sexual practices, avoiding
needle sharing, and appropriate precautions when exposure to blood is
possible.
Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing hepatitis C
transmission?
A. Sharing personal razors only with immediate family members
B. Using antibiotics after exposure to blood
C. Avoiding shared needles and ensuring that equipment used for
procedures is properly sterilized
D. Receiving a hepatitis C vaccine annually
Answer: C
Rationale: There is currently no routinely available vaccine that
prevents hepatitis C. Prevention focuses on reducing exposure to
infected blood, including avoiding shared needles and ensuring that
medical, dental, tattooing, and piercing equipment is properly
sterilized.
Which intervention is most important for primary prevention of lung
cancer?
A. Increasing calcium intake
B. Limiting water consumption
C. Avoiding all physical activity during periods of fatigue
D. Preventing tobacco use and reducing exposure to occupational
carcinogens
,Answer: D
Rationale: Tobacco exposure is a major preventable cause of lung
cancer. Prevention also includes smoking cessation, prevention of
smoking initiation, reducing secondhand smoke exposure, and
minimizing occupational exposure to carcinogens such as asbestos.
Which lifestyle modification is particularly important when providing
primary prevention teaching for obstructive sleep apnea?
A. Weight management and avoidance of alcohol and tobacco
B. Increasing caffeine consumption before bedtime
C. Sleeping only during daytime hours
D. Increasing dietary sodium
Answer: A
Rationale: Obesity is an important risk factor for obstructive sleep
apnea. Weight management, smoking cessation, limiting alcohol, and
appropriate sleep positioning can reduce risk or severity in appropriate
patients.
Which dietary recommendation is most consistent with prevention of
colorectal cancer?
A. Increase processed meats and decrease fiber.
B. Emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and adequate dietary
fiber while limiting excessive red and processed meat.
C. Eliminate all carbohydrates.
D. Consume a high-fat diet.
Answer: B
, Rationale: A dietary pattern rich in fiber, whole grains, fruits, and
vegetables is associated with healthier colorectal outcomes. Limiting
excessive red and processed meat, maintaining a healthy weight,
exercising, and limiting alcohol are also important prevention
strategies.
Which recommendation is most appropriate for a patient experiencing
chronic insomnia?
A. Sleep at different times each night to prevent routine.
B. Take long afternoon naps every day.
C. Maintain a consistent sleep-wake schedule and limit caffeine later in
the day.
D. Watch television in bed until sleep occurs.
Answer: C
Rationale: Sleep hygiene includes maintaining a regular sleep schedule,
limiting naps, avoiding caffeine later in the day, creating a quiet and
dark sleep environment, and using the bedroom primarily for sleep
and related activities.
Which intervention is appropriate for primary prevention of
osteoporosis?
A. Avoiding weight-bearing activity
B. Eliminating calcium from the diet
C. Increasing tobacco consumption
D. Ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake and participating
in regular exercise
Answer: D