WEEK 2 - GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - PEDIATRIC MEDICATION
ADMINISTRATION - PAIN ISSUES IN CHILDREN STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Answer:
framework of eight life periods where individuals face a core psychological conflict that shapes
personality and growth from birth to death
Question:
2. Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development
Answer:
- Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy,): Dependable care builds hope, while unreliable care fosters
fear
- Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): Exploration builds self-control and
will; over-control causes self-doubt
- Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Encouragement fosters purpose; harsh scolding leads to
guilt
- Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Grade School): Success builds competence; constant failure
brings inferiority
- Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Teenager): Exploring values creates fidelity (a strong sense
of self); strict conformity leads to confusion
- Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Strong bonds bring love and connection;
isolation leads to loneliness.
- Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Contributing to society fosters care;
self-absorption brings stagnation. -Stage 8: Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Looking back
with pride brings wisdom; dwelling on regrets causes despair
Question:
3. Initiative vs. Guilt
Answer:
- Magical thinking & imaginary friends
- Belief that thoughts are all powerful
- Need to assert control over the environment by taking initiative, planning activities,
accomplishing tasks.
- Caregivers need to encourage exploration and to help children make appropriate choices.
- Child unclear of cause/effect (vomiting causes them to get sick, rather than the other way
around.)
Question:
4. insists on dressing herself each morning for school, even though she selects mismatching
outfits and wears her shoes on the wrong feet. When her mother tries to dress Jane she
brushes her mother off and insists on doing it herself. What stage of psychosocial
development best describes Jane's behavior?
, Answer:
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Question:
5. Steven is in 3rd grade and is having a difficult time making friends at school. He has
trouble completing his schoolwork accurately and on time, and as a result, receives little
positive feedback. According to Erikson's theory, faildevelopment results in:
Answer:
Feelings of inferiority
Question:
6. intelligence
Answer:
- Piaget believed that this is a form of adaptation and knowledge is constructed by each
individual through the two complementary processes of assimilation and accommodation.
- The main difference between the 2 > assimilation: the new idea fits in with the already existing
ideas while > accommodation: the new idea changes the already existing ideas.
Question:
7. Cognitive Development Piaget
Answer:
- Sensorimotor (birth-2 years): explores through the senses and actions, gains object
permanence
- Preoperational (2-7 yrs): understands world through language and mental images, can't see
other people's point of view
- Concrete operational (7-12 yrs): understands through logical thinking and categories, concept
of conservation,
- Formal operational (12+ yrs): understands through hypothetical thinking and scientific
reasoning
Question:
8. Moral Development Kohlberg
Answer:
- Preconventional: young children focus on how their actions will effect themselves
- Conventional: Base decision on how others will view them, follow standards
- Post conventional/autonomous/principled level: Moral reasoning for the good of society, uphold
justice
Question:
9. What is the single most important influence on physical growth?
Answer:
nutrition
Question:
10. requirement of infants?
ADMINISTRATION - PAIN ISSUES IN CHILDREN STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Answer:
framework of eight life periods where individuals face a core psychological conflict that shapes
personality and growth from birth to death
Question:
2. Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development
Answer:
- Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy,): Dependable care builds hope, while unreliable care fosters
fear
- Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): Exploration builds self-control and
will; over-control causes self-doubt
- Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Encouragement fosters purpose; harsh scolding leads to
guilt
- Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Grade School): Success builds competence; constant failure
brings inferiority
- Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Teenager): Exploring values creates fidelity (a strong sense
of self); strict conformity leads to confusion
- Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Strong bonds bring love and connection;
isolation leads to loneliness.
- Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Contributing to society fosters care;
self-absorption brings stagnation. -Stage 8: Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Looking back
with pride brings wisdom; dwelling on regrets causes despair
Question:
3. Initiative vs. Guilt
Answer:
- Magical thinking & imaginary friends
- Belief that thoughts are all powerful
- Need to assert control over the environment by taking initiative, planning activities,
accomplishing tasks.
- Caregivers need to encourage exploration and to help children make appropriate choices.
- Child unclear of cause/effect (vomiting causes them to get sick, rather than the other way
around.)
Question:
4. insists on dressing herself each morning for school, even though she selects mismatching
outfits and wears her shoes on the wrong feet. When her mother tries to dress Jane she
brushes her mother off and insists on doing it herself. What stage of psychosocial
development best describes Jane's behavior?
, Answer:
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Question:
5. Steven is in 3rd grade and is having a difficult time making friends at school. He has
trouble completing his schoolwork accurately and on time, and as a result, receives little
positive feedback. According to Erikson's theory, faildevelopment results in:
Answer:
Feelings of inferiority
Question:
6. intelligence
Answer:
- Piaget believed that this is a form of adaptation and knowledge is constructed by each
individual through the two complementary processes of assimilation and accommodation.
- The main difference between the 2 > assimilation: the new idea fits in with the already existing
ideas while > accommodation: the new idea changes the already existing ideas.
Question:
7. Cognitive Development Piaget
Answer:
- Sensorimotor (birth-2 years): explores through the senses and actions, gains object
permanence
- Preoperational (2-7 yrs): understands world through language and mental images, can't see
other people's point of view
- Concrete operational (7-12 yrs): understands through logical thinking and categories, concept
of conservation,
- Formal operational (12+ yrs): understands through hypothetical thinking and scientific
reasoning
Question:
8. Moral Development Kohlberg
Answer:
- Preconventional: young children focus on how their actions will effect themselves
- Conventional: Base decision on how others will view them, follow standards
- Post conventional/autonomous/principled level: Moral reasoning for the good of society, uphold
justice
Question:
9. What is the single most important influence on physical growth?
Answer:
nutrition
Question:
10. requirement of infants?
