VS 6100 - EPITHELIUM STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. features of epithelium
Answer:
avascular (no blood vessels) contiguous (touching) polarized (apical vs basal)
Question:
2. avascular disease in the cornea
Answer:
hypoxia due to contact lens wearing decreasing oxygen transmission to corneal epithelium
Question:
3. what is the result of increasing diffusion distance in avascular tissues?
Answer:
risk of hypoxia and necrosis occurs due to lack of trophic factors
Question:
4. How does dry ARMD develop?
Answer:
Drusen accumulates in the macula overtime due to exposure to UV radiation and free radical
oxidation, these drusen form a barrier in Bruch's membrane that overtime blocks the choroid
from delivering nutrients to the RPE, overtime, this can deprive the rods and cones of trophic
factors thereby leading to necrosis of the cells and subsequent vision loss
Question:
5. How does wet ARMD develop?
Answer:
Wet ARMD is the more advanced form of dry ARMD in which neovascularization occurs because
of lack of oxygen delivery to the RPE because of the drusen barrier. VEGF is stimulated which
causes new leaky blood vessels to form which causes blood spots to accumulate in the macula
leading to vision loss
Question:
6. two categories of epithelium
Answer:
covering and lining glandular
Question:
7. what is the significance of reverse polarity cells?
Answer:
they secrete their cellular products into extracellular fluid where the fluid is absorbed by blood,
cells act like endocrine glands ex. macula densa in kidney
, Question:
8. how does stratified squatinized epithelium gain nutrients?
Answer:
from the apical surface (via oxygen diffusion at moist surface) and from the basal layer (via
diffusion from blood vessels in underlying CT)
Question:
9. which glands have serous secretions?
Answer:
parotid gland and pancreas
Question:
10. how will serous secreting glands appear on histology slides?
Answer:
darkly stained cytoplasm, more hematoxylin stain (more purple)
Question:
11. which glands have mucous secretions?
Answer:
sublingual
Question:
12. how will mucous secreting glands appear on histology slides?
Answer:
lightly stained cytoplasm, more pink
Question:
13. what type of secretions does the submandibular gland have?
Answer:
mixed serous and mucous
Question:
14. what is the mode of secretion for merocrine glands? most likely to be clogged?
Answer:
secretory vesicles
Question:
15. what is the mode of secretion for apocrine glands?
Answer:
part of plasmalemma is added to the secretion
Question:
16. what is the mode of secretion for holocrine glands?
Question:
1. features of epithelium
Answer:
avascular (no blood vessels) contiguous (touching) polarized (apical vs basal)
Question:
2. avascular disease in the cornea
Answer:
hypoxia due to contact lens wearing decreasing oxygen transmission to corneal epithelium
Question:
3. what is the result of increasing diffusion distance in avascular tissues?
Answer:
risk of hypoxia and necrosis occurs due to lack of trophic factors
Question:
4. How does dry ARMD develop?
Answer:
Drusen accumulates in the macula overtime due to exposure to UV radiation and free radical
oxidation, these drusen form a barrier in Bruch's membrane that overtime blocks the choroid
from delivering nutrients to the RPE, overtime, this can deprive the rods and cones of trophic
factors thereby leading to necrosis of the cells and subsequent vision loss
Question:
5. How does wet ARMD develop?
Answer:
Wet ARMD is the more advanced form of dry ARMD in which neovascularization occurs because
of lack of oxygen delivery to the RPE because of the drusen barrier. VEGF is stimulated which
causes new leaky blood vessels to form which causes blood spots to accumulate in the macula
leading to vision loss
Question:
6. two categories of epithelium
Answer:
covering and lining glandular
Question:
7. what is the significance of reverse polarity cells?
Answer:
they secrete their cellular products into extracellular fluid where the fluid is absorbed by blood,
cells act like endocrine glands ex. macula densa in kidney
, Question:
8. how does stratified squatinized epithelium gain nutrients?
Answer:
from the apical surface (via oxygen diffusion at moist surface) and from the basal layer (via
diffusion from blood vessels in underlying CT)
Question:
9. which glands have serous secretions?
Answer:
parotid gland and pancreas
Question:
10. how will serous secreting glands appear on histology slides?
Answer:
darkly stained cytoplasm, more hematoxylin stain (more purple)
Question:
11. which glands have mucous secretions?
Answer:
sublingual
Question:
12. how will mucous secreting glands appear on histology slides?
Answer:
lightly stained cytoplasm, more pink
Question:
13. what type of secretions does the submandibular gland have?
Answer:
mixed serous and mucous
Question:
14. what is the mode of secretion for merocrine glands? most likely to be clogged?
Answer:
secretory vesicles
Question:
15. what is the mode of secretion for apocrine glands?
Answer:
part of plasmalemma is added to the secretion
Question:
16. what is the mode of secretion for holocrine glands?
