UNIT 6 - PERSONAL CARES STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Activities of Daily Living (ADL's)
Answer:
Daily self-care activities individuals perform to meet basic needs and promote health and
well-being.
• Bathing
• Dressing
• Combing hair
• Using the bathroom
• Brushing teeth
• Eating
• Walking
• Socializing and participating in activities Nurse Aides should be aware of each resident's
personal preferences and cultural differences when assisting with ADL's NA's should promote
independence and allow the resident to complete as much of each task as they are able to. It is
important not to rush a resident or complete a task for a resident to save time. If residents are
not permitted to complete tasks that they are capable of, it can cause a decline in function.
Residents require varied levels of assistance. Some residents may only need help to gather and
set up supplies while others may require partial or full assistance. The resident's care plan will
indicate the level of assistance needed. It is important to offer the resident choices whenever
possible and always provide privacy. When finished with assisting a resident, it is important to
clean any supplies used such as wash basins and put them away.
Question:
2. Skin Care
Answer:
The goal of skin care is to remove germs, sweat, oil, and odors from the body and to prevent skin
breakdown. In addition, warm water and lightly stroking the skin stimulates improves circulation.
Residents will have an increased sense of dignity and self-worth when they are clean and well
groomed.
1. Thoroughly inspect the skin while completing personal cares
2. Report changes to the charge nurse
• Rashes or irritation
• Overly dry or oily skin
• Color changes (reddened or darkened areas)
• Unusual lumps or bumps
• Bruises
• Open areas or drainage As individuals age, skin becomes more fragile, thin, and can tear easily.
It is important to handle and move residents gently to prevent injuries such as skin tears or
bruises. It is vital to have residents check the water temperature for comfort and to keep them
covered to prevent them from being chilled and promote dignity. As individuals age, sense of
touch decreases so it's also essential to check water temperature for safety and be gentle when
providing cares. Residents may not need to take a full shower or bath daily because oil and sweat
gland activity decreases. It is customary to provide a partial bath each morning and evening. A
, partial bath includes washing the face, underarms, under skin folds (under breasts or abdomen),
and the perineal area. It is important to make sure the skin is rinsed thoroughly and dried
completely to prevent irritation or skin breakdown. Lotion may also be applied according to avoid
kneading (massaging deeply) when applying lotion to the lower extremities (legs) and apply
lotion very gently over bony prominences.
Question:
3. Safety Guidelines
Answer:
1. Always check the care plan before providing assistance with personal cares
2. Always provide privacy when assisting with personal cares and avoid overexposure
3. Always wear gloves when there is a possibility of coming in contact with bodily fluids or
touching used (contaminated) supplies such as wash basins and linens
4. Transfer residents according to the level of assistance indicated in their care plan
5. Always test the water temperature for safety, then ask the resident to test the water
temperature for comfort
• Test the water with the inside of your wrist or your elbow because the nerves in the fingertips
are less sensitive than those in the wrist or elbow
3. Use safety belts for bathtubs according to the facility policy
4. Ensure bathmats or other non-skid mats are secure
5. Assist the resident in and out of the tub or shower
6. Stay with the resident in tub or shower according to care plan
7. Report anything unusual to the nurse
8. If the resident shows any signs of weakness, get help by pulling the call light, stay with the
resident, and follow facility policy
Question:
4. Dependent
Answer:
Relying on others for help
Question:
5. Friction
Answer:
Rubbing against a surface
Question:
6. Lesion
Answer:
An opening or sore on the skin
Question:
7. Perineal Care (Peri Care)
Answer:
Cleaning of the genital, groin, and rectal areas
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Activities of Daily Living (ADL's)
Answer:
Daily self-care activities individuals perform to meet basic needs and promote health and
well-being.
• Bathing
• Dressing
• Combing hair
• Using the bathroom
• Brushing teeth
• Eating
• Walking
• Socializing and participating in activities Nurse Aides should be aware of each resident's
personal preferences and cultural differences when assisting with ADL's NA's should promote
independence and allow the resident to complete as much of each task as they are able to. It is
important not to rush a resident or complete a task for a resident to save time. If residents are
not permitted to complete tasks that they are capable of, it can cause a decline in function.
Residents require varied levels of assistance. Some residents may only need help to gather and
set up supplies while others may require partial or full assistance. The resident's care plan will
indicate the level of assistance needed. It is important to offer the resident choices whenever
possible and always provide privacy. When finished with assisting a resident, it is important to
clean any supplies used such as wash basins and put them away.
Question:
2. Skin Care
Answer:
The goal of skin care is to remove germs, sweat, oil, and odors from the body and to prevent skin
breakdown. In addition, warm water and lightly stroking the skin stimulates improves circulation.
Residents will have an increased sense of dignity and self-worth when they are clean and well
groomed.
1. Thoroughly inspect the skin while completing personal cares
2. Report changes to the charge nurse
• Rashes or irritation
• Overly dry or oily skin
• Color changes (reddened or darkened areas)
• Unusual lumps or bumps
• Bruises
• Open areas or drainage As individuals age, skin becomes more fragile, thin, and can tear easily.
It is important to handle and move residents gently to prevent injuries such as skin tears or
bruises. It is vital to have residents check the water temperature for comfort and to keep them
covered to prevent them from being chilled and promote dignity. As individuals age, sense of
touch decreases so it's also essential to check water temperature for safety and be gentle when
providing cares. Residents may not need to take a full shower or bath daily because oil and sweat
gland activity decreases. It is customary to provide a partial bath each morning and evening. A
, partial bath includes washing the face, underarms, under skin folds (under breasts or abdomen),
and the perineal area. It is important to make sure the skin is rinsed thoroughly and dried
completely to prevent irritation or skin breakdown. Lotion may also be applied according to avoid
kneading (massaging deeply) when applying lotion to the lower extremities (legs) and apply
lotion very gently over bony prominences.
Question:
3. Safety Guidelines
Answer:
1. Always check the care plan before providing assistance with personal cares
2. Always provide privacy when assisting with personal cares and avoid overexposure
3. Always wear gloves when there is a possibility of coming in contact with bodily fluids or
touching used (contaminated) supplies such as wash basins and linens
4. Transfer residents according to the level of assistance indicated in their care plan
5. Always test the water temperature for safety, then ask the resident to test the water
temperature for comfort
• Test the water with the inside of your wrist or your elbow because the nerves in the fingertips
are less sensitive than those in the wrist or elbow
3. Use safety belts for bathtubs according to the facility policy
4. Ensure bathmats or other non-skid mats are secure
5. Assist the resident in and out of the tub or shower
6. Stay with the resident in tub or shower according to care plan
7. Report anything unusual to the nurse
8. If the resident shows any signs of weakness, get help by pulling the call light, stay with the
resident, and follow facility policy
Question:
4. Dependent
Answer:
Relying on others for help
Question:
5. Friction
Answer:
Rubbing against a surface
Question:
6. Lesion
Answer:
An opening or sore on the skin
Question:
7. Perineal Care (Peri Care)
Answer:
Cleaning of the genital, groin, and rectal areas
