NUR 505 ADVANCED NURSING
RESEARCH FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS
1. A researcher is studying the lived experience of mothers of children with terminal illnesses.
Which research design is most appropriate?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Phenomenology
C. Ethnography
D. Historical Research
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Phenomenology focuses on the ‘lived experience’ of participants
regarding a specific phenomenon.
2. In a PICO question, what does the ‘O’ represent?
A. Outcome
B. Organization
C. Observation
D. Objective
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: PICO stands for Population, Intervention, Comparison, and
Outcome.
3. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of evidence for practice
decisions?
A. Single correlational/observational studies
B. Single descriptive or qualitative studies
C. Opinions of authorities or expert committees
D. Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of RCTs provide the
strongest evidence for clinical decision-making.
4. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which the results of a study can be
generalized to other settings or populations?
A. Internal validity
B. Construct validity
C. Content validity
D. External validity
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: External validity is the extent to which study findings are
generalizable.
5. A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false. This is known as:
A. Type II Error
B. Type I Error
C. Standard Error
D. Sampling Bias
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Type II error occurs when the researcher accepts a false null
hypothesis (a false negative).
6. In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores fall within one standard
deviation of the mean?
A. 68%
B. 99%
C. 50%
D. 95%
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The empirical rule states that 68% of data falls within one
standard deviation in a normal distribution.
RESEARCH FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS
1. A researcher is studying the lived experience of mothers of children with terminal illnesses.
Which research design is most appropriate?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Phenomenology
C. Ethnography
D. Historical Research
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Phenomenology focuses on the ‘lived experience’ of participants
regarding a specific phenomenon.
2. In a PICO question, what does the ‘O’ represent?
A. Outcome
B. Organization
C. Observation
D. Objective
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: PICO stands for Population, Intervention, Comparison, and
Outcome.
3. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of evidence for practice
decisions?
A. Single correlational/observational studies
B. Single descriptive or qualitative studies
C. Opinions of authorities or expert committees
D. Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of RCTs provide the
strongest evidence for clinical decision-making.
4. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which the results of a study can be
generalized to other settings or populations?
A. Internal validity
B. Construct validity
C. Content validity
D. External validity
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: External validity is the extent to which study findings are
generalizable.
5. A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false. This is known as:
A. Type II Error
B. Type I Error
C. Standard Error
D. Sampling Bias
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Type II error occurs when the researcher accepts a false null
hypothesis (a false negative).
6. In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores fall within one standard
deviation of the mean?
A. 68%
B. 99%
C. 50%
D. 95%
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The empirical rule states that 68% of data falls within one
standard deviation in a normal distribution.
