Dementia Medications Study Guide | Drug Names, Uses & Nursing Considerations

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NR 546 Week 8 Dementia Medication
Table / Dementia medication table
LATEST UPDATE 2024 GRADED A+


Drug Name and Class FDA Indication (include Short-acting, Notable Side Effects/Precautions /Patient Education
stages ) intermediate-acting, or Instructions
Neurotransmitters long-acting.
Affected/Mechanism of Duration of Action and
Action Half-life (T1/2),
Target Symptoms CYP 450 enzyme
Donepezil (Aricept) Alzheimer’s disease – mild, Metabolized by CYP450 Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, appetite loss, increased
moderate, and severe 2D6 and CYP450 3A4 gastric acid secretion, weight loss, insomnia, dizziness

Acetylcholine enzyme Elimination half-life May exacerbate asthma or pulmonary disease.
inhibitor approximately 70 hours Increased gastric secretion may increase the risk of
ulcers, bradycardia or heartblock may occur in patients
Reversibly but with or without cardiac impairment.
noncompetitively inhibits
centrally acting Dramatic reversal of symptoms not generally seen with
acetylcholinesterase to cholinesterase inhibitors.
make more Ach available. Treats behavioral and psychological symptoms of
Alzheimers dementia as well as cognitive symptoms.
Increase Ach compensates Taper to avoid withdrawal.
in part for degenerating Discontinuation of medication may lead to notable
cholinergic neurons in deterioration in memory and behavior which may not
neocortex that regulate be restored when drug is restarted or another
memory cholinesterase inhibitor is initiated.




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NR 546 Week 8 Dementia Medication
Table / Dementia medication table
LATEST UPDATE 2024 GRADED A+


Does not inhibit
butyrylcholinesterase

May release growth
factors or interfere with
amyloid deposition

Targets memory loss in
Alzheimers, behavioral
symptoms in Alzheimers,
memory loss in other
demetias
Rivastigmine (Exelon) Alzheimer’s disease – mild Elimination half life 102 Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, appetite loss, weight loss,
to moderate. Parkinson’s hours dyspepsia, increased gastric acid secretion, headache,
disease dementia – mild to Not hepatically dizziness, fatigue.
moderate metabolized; no CYP450
mediated May exacerbate asthma or pulmonary disease.
Acetylcholine enzyme pharmacokinetic drug Increased gastric secretion may increase the risk of
inhibitor, cholinesterase interactions ulcers, bradycardia or heartblock may occur in patients
inhibitor. Cognitive with or without cardiac impairment.
enhancer.
Severe vomiting with esophageal rupture may occur if
Pseudoirreversibly inhibits rivastigmine therapy is resumed without retitrating the
centrally active AChE, drug to full dosing.




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