CITP Exam 1 | 2026 EDITION | CORRECT
ANSWERS | DETAILED SOLUTIONS
• Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) -✓✓ANSWER: Law which allows the United
States to be sued for the actions of federal employees within the scope of their
employment. Does not apply to state or local police officers. The United States
will be the proper defendant and can be held liable.
• Good Samaritan Act -✓✓ANSWER: This act defines additional circumstances
under which a federal officer might be determined to be in the scope of their
employment. It does not apply to state or local officers
• Bivens -✓✓ANSWER: Case authorizes lawsuits against federal agents who
intentionally violate an individuals 4th, 5th, or 8th amendment rights. Must allege
two elements: 1) Violation of Constitutional Right and 2) Person acting under the
color of law
• 42 USC 1983 -✓✓ANSWER: This statute authorizes civil lawsuits against state
and local officials who violate federally protected rights.
• First Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Free exercise of religion, speech, the press; the
right of peaceful assembly; and to petition the government for redress of
grievances.
• Fourth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: No unreasonable searches and seizures. No
warrants issued without probable cause.
, • Fifth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Right to not self-incriminate, no double
jeopardy, not be forced to stand trial without an indictment from a Grand Jury.
Ensures Due Process.
• Sixth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Right to a speedy and public trial. Right to
counsel. Right to an impartial jury, ability to confront witnesses, compulsory
process for obtaining defense witnesses.
• Eighth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: No excessive bail, fines, or cruel and unusual
punishments.
• Qualified Immunity -✓✓ANSWER: Shields government officials from personal
liability for civil damages provided. Qualified Immunity Eligibility: 1) The force was
constitutional 2) That the law was not clearly established at the time.
• 18 USC 241 -✓✓ANSWER: This is the federal criminal conspiracy against rights
statute. When two or more agents conspire to deprive a citizen of constitutional
rights, this is the appropriate statute to bring a criminal prosecution.
• 18 USC 242 -✓✓ANSWER: This statute makes it a crime for any person acting
under color of law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom to willfully deprive or
cause to be deprived from any person those rights, privileges, or immunities
secured or protected by the Constitution and laws of the U.S.
• Graham Factors -✓✓ANSWER: SIRF: Severity, Immediete Threat, Resisting
Arrest, Attemepting to Evade by Flight
ANSWERS | DETAILED SOLUTIONS
• Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) -✓✓ANSWER: Law which allows the United
States to be sued for the actions of federal employees within the scope of their
employment. Does not apply to state or local police officers. The United States
will be the proper defendant and can be held liable.
• Good Samaritan Act -✓✓ANSWER: This act defines additional circumstances
under which a federal officer might be determined to be in the scope of their
employment. It does not apply to state or local officers
• Bivens -✓✓ANSWER: Case authorizes lawsuits against federal agents who
intentionally violate an individuals 4th, 5th, or 8th amendment rights. Must allege
two elements: 1) Violation of Constitutional Right and 2) Person acting under the
color of law
• 42 USC 1983 -✓✓ANSWER: This statute authorizes civil lawsuits against state
and local officials who violate federally protected rights.
• First Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Free exercise of religion, speech, the press; the
right of peaceful assembly; and to petition the government for redress of
grievances.
• Fourth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: No unreasonable searches and seizures. No
warrants issued without probable cause.
, • Fifth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Right to not self-incriminate, no double
jeopardy, not be forced to stand trial without an indictment from a Grand Jury.
Ensures Due Process.
• Sixth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: Right to a speedy and public trial. Right to
counsel. Right to an impartial jury, ability to confront witnesses, compulsory
process for obtaining defense witnesses.
• Eighth Amendment -✓✓ANSWER: No excessive bail, fines, or cruel and unusual
punishments.
• Qualified Immunity -✓✓ANSWER: Shields government officials from personal
liability for civil damages provided. Qualified Immunity Eligibility: 1) The force was
constitutional 2) That the law was not clearly established at the time.
• 18 USC 241 -✓✓ANSWER: This is the federal criminal conspiracy against rights
statute. When two or more agents conspire to deprive a citizen of constitutional
rights, this is the appropriate statute to bring a criminal prosecution.
• 18 USC 242 -✓✓ANSWER: This statute makes it a crime for any person acting
under color of law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom to willfully deprive or
cause to be deprived from any person those rights, privileges, or immunities
secured or protected by the Constitution and laws of the U.S.
• Graham Factors -✓✓ANSWER: SIRF: Severity, Immediete Threat, Resisting
Arrest, Attemepting to Evade by Flight
