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Cardiovascular Disorders
CAD/MI
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Myocardial Infarction (MI) are cardiovascular
disorders characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress, while
unstable angina is chest pain that occurs even at rest and is considered more serious.
Heart Failure
Heart failure can be left-sided or right-sided, with left-sided heart failure causing fluid to
back up in the lungs, and right-sided heart failure causing fluid to back up in the abdomen,
legs, and feet.
Assessment findings for heart failure may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in
the legs, and rapid weight gain.
Medications and treatments for heart failure may include ACE inhibitors, beta blockers,
diuretics, and in severe cases, heart transplant.
Congenital Heart Disease
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Congenital heart diseases such as Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect
(VSD), Tetralogy of Fallot, and Aortic Valve Stenosis are present at birth and may require
surgical intervention.
Patient assessment for congenital heart disease involves monitoring for symptoms such
as poor feeding, rapid breathing, and cyanosis.
Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures
Electrocardiogram (EKG) readings are used to detect arrhythmias and guide treatments.
Medications such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers are
commonly used in cardiovascular disorders to manage blood pressure and heart rate.
Cardiac catheterization is a procedure to diagnose and treat certain heart conditions, and
post-procedure nursing care involves monitoring for bleeding and assessing the insertion
site.
Echocardiogram/Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) are imaging tests that create
detailed pictures of the heart's structure and function.
Respiratory Disorders
Pneumonia, asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), tuberculosis, and
influenza are common respiratory disorders with distinct clinical manifestations and
treatments.
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Cardiovascular Disorders
CAD/MI
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Myocardial Infarction (MI) are cardiovascular
disorders characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress, while
unstable angina is chest pain that occurs even at rest and is considered more serious.
Heart Failure
Heart failure can be left-sided or right-sided, with left-sided heart failure causing fluid to
back up in the lungs, and right-sided heart failure causing fluid to back up in the abdomen,
legs, and feet.
Assessment findings for heart failure may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in
the legs, and rapid weight gain.
Medications and treatments for heart failure may include ACE inhibitors, beta blockers,
diuretics, and in severe cases, heart transplant.
Congenital Heart Disease
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Congenital heart diseases such as Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect
(VSD), Tetralogy of Fallot, and Aortic Valve Stenosis are present at birth and may require
surgical intervention.
Patient assessment for congenital heart disease involves monitoring for symptoms such
as poor feeding, rapid breathing, and cyanosis.
Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures
Electrocardiogram (EKG) readings are used to detect arrhythmias and guide treatments.
Medications such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers are
commonly used in cardiovascular disorders to manage blood pressure and heart rate.
Cardiac catheterization is a procedure to diagnose and treat certain heart conditions, and
post-procedure nursing care involves monitoring for bleeding and assessing the insertion
site.
Echocardiogram/Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) are imaging tests that create
detailed pictures of the heart's structure and function.
Respiratory Disorders
Pneumonia, asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), tuberculosis, and
influenza are common respiratory disorders with distinct clinical manifestations and
treatments.
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