,PSYC 380 Quiz 1 | Physiological Psychology |
Liberty University
1. Which of the following best describes the scientific study of the biological bases
of psychological processes and behavior?
A) Cognitive psychology
B) Physiological psychology
C) Developmental psychology
D) Social psychology
Correct Answer: Physiological psychology
Rationale: Physiological psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the
biological bases of psychological processes and behavior, focusing on the nervous
system and related physiology. Cognitive psychology examines mental processes,
developmental psychology studies growth across the lifespan, and social
psychology explores interpersonal behavior.
2. What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?
A) To provide structural support to the brain
B) To receive information and transmit it to other cells
C) To produce cerebrospinal fluid
D) To regulate blood flow within the brain
Correct Answer: To receive information and transmit it to other cells
,Rationale: Neurons are specialized cells that receive information and transmit it
to other cells, forming the basis of neural communication. Glial cells provide
structural support and perform other functions. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by
ependymal cells, and blood flow is regulated by various mechanisms.
3. Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving information
from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Myelin sheath
D) Axon terminal
Correct Answer: Dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites are branching fibers that receive information from other
neurons through specialized synaptic receptors. The axon conveys impulses away
from the cell body. The myelin sheath insulates the axon, and the axon terminal
releases neurotransmitters.
4. What is the function of the myelin sheath?
A) To insulate the axon and speed up neural transmission
B) To produce neurotransmitters
C) To receive sensory information
D) To store glucose for energy
Correct Answer: To insulate the axon and speed up neural transmission
, Rationale: The myelin sheath is an insulating material that covers the axon,
increasing the speed of action potential conduction. Neurotransmitters are
produced in the cell body and released from axon terminals. Sensory information
is received by dendrites, and glucose is stored as glycogen in various tissues.
5. According to the concept of the blood-brain barrier, which of the following is
true?
A) It allows all chemicals to pass freely into the brain
B) It is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells of capillaries
C) It is weakest in the cerebral cortex
D) It is primarily composed of astrocytes
Correct Answer: It is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells of capillaries
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells
of the capillaries in the brain, which restrict the passage of many substances.
Some chemicals can pass through specific channels, but not all. The area postrema
is a region where the barrier is weak. Astrocytes contribute to the barrier's
function but are not its primary structural component.
6. Which type of glial cell forms the myelin sheath around axons in the central
nervous system?
A) Astrocytes
B) Microglial cells
C) Oligodendrocytes
D) Ependymal cells
Correct Answer: Oligodendrocytes
Liberty University
1. Which of the following best describes the scientific study of the biological bases
of psychological processes and behavior?
A) Cognitive psychology
B) Physiological psychology
C) Developmental psychology
D) Social psychology
Correct Answer: Physiological psychology
Rationale: Physiological psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the
biological bases of psychological processes and behavior, focusing on the nervous
system and related physiology. Cognitive psychology examines mental processes,
developmental psychology studies growth across the lifespan, and social
psychology explores interpersonal behavior.
2. What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?
A) To provide structural support to the brain
B) To receive information and transmit it to other cells
C) To produce cerebrospinal fluid
D) To regulate blood flow within the brain
Correct Answer: To receive information and transmit it to other cells
,Rationale: Neurons are specialized cells that receive information and transmit it
to other cells, forming the basis of neural communication. Glial cells provide
structural support and perform other functions. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by
ependymal cells, and blood flow is regulated by various mechanisms.
3. Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving information
from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Myelin sheath
D) Axon terminal
Correct Answer: Dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites are branching fibers that receive information from other
neurons through specialized synaptic receptors. The axon conveys impulses away
from the cell body. The myelin sheath insulates the axon, and the axon terminal
releases neurotransmitters.
4. What is the function of the myelin sheath?
A) To insulate the axon and speed up neural transmission
B) To produce neurotransmitters
C) To receive sensory information
D) To store glucose for energy
Correct Answer: To insulate the axon and speed up neural transmission
, Rationale: The myelin sheath is an insulating material that covers the axon,
increasing the speed of action potential conduction. Neurotransmitters are
produced in the cell body and released from axon terminals. Sensory information
is received by dendrites, and glucose is stored as glycogen in various tissues.
5. According to the concept of the blood-brain barrier, which of the following is
true?
A) It allows all chemicals to pass freely into the brain
B) It is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells of capillaries
C) It is weakest in the cerebral cortex
D) It is primarily composed of astrocytes
Correct Answer: It is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells of capillaries
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier is formed by tightly packed endothelial cells
of the capillaries in the brain, which restrict the passage of many substances.
Some chemicals can pass through specific channels, but not all. The area postrema
is a region where the barrier is weak. Astrocytes contribute to the barrier's
function but are not its primary structural component.
6. Which type of glial cell forms the myelin sheath around axons in the central
nervous system?
A) Astrocytes
B) Microglial cells
C) Oligodendrocytes
D) Ependymal cells
Correct Answer: Oligodendrocytes
