Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
001. Which of the following BEST reflects the current understanding of pathological gambling, according to recent
psychological research?
a. Pathological gambling is primarily caused by substance abuse and can be treated with medication alone.
b. Distorted thinking patterns are the sole cause of gambling disorders.
c. There is no single explanation for pathological gambling; it likely results from multiple interacting
influences.
d. Brain imaging has conclusively identified the neurological basis of gambling addiction.
ANS: C
002. The term psychology comes from two Greek words, psyche and logos, which in translation mean
a. brain and writing.
b. brain and the study of a subject.
c. the soul and writing.
d. the soul and the study of a subject.
ANS: D
003. Psychology’s intellectual parents are philosophy and what other discipline?
a. Phlebotomy
b. Philanthropy
c. Physiology
d. Phrenology
ANS: C
004. Who is credited with establishing the first laboratory and conducting research in the field of psychology in
Leipzig, Germany, in 1879?
a. Edward Tichener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANS: B
,005. Which psychological school of thought emphasizes breaking down and analyzing one’s conscious
experiences?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
006. Wundt asked participants in his research to systematically and carefully observe, analyze, and describe their
own sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions. This process is called
a. introspection.
b. meditation.
c. mediation.
d. impression.
ANS: A
007. Which psychological school of thought rejected the study of conscious experience and began to focus on its
function?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: A
008. William James, a functionalist, argued that consciousness consists of a conscious flow of thoughts, which he
called the
a. flow of deduction.
b. spring of induction.
c. flow of reason.
d. stream of consciousness.
ANS: D
009. Which psychologist coined the term “stream of consciousness” to describe a continuous flow of thoughts?
, a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Edward Tichener
ANS: B
010. Andi believes that just as we have broken down matter into its most basic elements, we should be doing the
same with the mind, and then investigate how those elements are related. Which school of thought do they most
likely relate to in their beliefs?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
011. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of Edward Tichener?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
012. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of William James?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: A
013. Janet trained her dog to sit on command by following this behavior with a reward of a dog biscuit and praise.
Janet used the principles of
a. behaviorism.
b. humanism.
, c. psychoanalysis.
d. functionalism.
ANS: A
014. While sitting on the beach watching the ocean, Khamani writes down and considers the feelings, thoughts,
and sensations that he is experiencing. According to structuralism, Khamani is practicing
a. individuation.
b. impressionism.
c. introspection.
d. enrichment.
ANS: C
015. Which of the following statements regarding women in psychology is accurate?
a. Women have made very few contributions to the development of psychology.
b. Women have often been overlooked in the history of psychology.
c. Initially, women received more Ph.Ds. in psychology than men.
d. Currently, women make up about one-fourth of all psychologists.
ANS: B
016. Who was the first woman to serve as president of the American Psychological Association?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANS: B
017. Who was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANS: A
001. Which of the following BEST reflects the current understanding of pathological gambling, according to recent
psychological research?
a. Pathological gambling is primarily caused by substance abuse and can be treated with medication alone.
b. Distorted thinking patterns are the sole cause of gambling disorders.
c. There is no single explanation for pathological gambling; it likely results from multiple interacting
influences.
d. Brain imaging has conclusively identified the neurological basis of gambling addiction.
ANS: C
002. The term psychology comes from two Greek words, psyche and logos, which in translation mean
a. brain and writing.
b. brain and the study of a subject.
c. the soul and writing.
d. the soul and the study of a subject.
ANS: D
003. Psychology’s intellectual parents are philosophy and what other discipline?
a. Phlebotomy
b. Philanthropy
c. Physiology
d. Phrenology
ANS: C
004. Who is credited with establishing the first laboratory and conducting research in the field of psychology in
Leipzig, Germany, in 1879?
a. Edward Tichener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANS: B
,005. Which psychological school of thought emphasizes breaking down and analyzing one’s conscious
experiences?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
006. Wundt asked participants in his research to systematically and carefully observe, analyze, and describe their
own sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions. This process is called
a. introspection.
b. meditation.
c. mediation.
d. impression.
ANS: A
007. Which psychological school of thought rejected the study of conscious experience and began to focus on its
function?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: A
008. William James, a functionalist, argued that consciousness consists of a conscious flow of thoughts, which he
called the
a. flow of deduction.
b. spring of induction.
c. flow of reason.
d. stream of consciousness.
ANS: D
009. Which psychologist coined the term “stream of consciousness” to describe a continuous flow of thoughts?
, a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Edward Tichener
ANS: B
010. Andi believes that just as we have broken down matter into its most basic elements, we should be doing the
same with the mind, and then investigate how those elements are related. Which school of thought do they most
likely relate to in their beliefs?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
011. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of Edward Tichener?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: B
012. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of William James?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANS: A
013. Janet trained her dog to sit on command by following this behavior with a reward of a dog biscuit and praise.
Janet used the principles of
a. behaviorism.
b. humanism.
, c. psychoanalysis.
d. functionalism.
ANS: A
014. While sitting on the beach watching the ocean, Khamani writes down and considers the feelings, thoughts,
and sensations that he is experiencing. According to structuralism, Khamani is practicing
a. individuation.
b. impressionism.
c. introspection.
d. enrichment.
ANS: C
015. Which of the following statements regarding women in psychology is accurate?
a. Women have made very few contributions to the development of psychology.
b. Women have often been overlooked in the history of psychology.
c. Initially, women received more Ph.Ds. in psychology than men.
d. Currently, women make up about one-fourth of all psychologists.
ANS: B
016. Who was the first woman to serve as president of the American Psychological Association?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANS: B
017. Who was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANS: A
