Ethics Midterm Actual Questions With Verified Solutions

ETHICS MIDTERM ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS


◉ Ethical Theory.
Answer: Examines the different principles, ideas, systems, and
philosophies used to make judgments about what is right and wrong
and good and bad.


Two types of ethical theories:
1. utilitarianism
2. Kant's Moral Theory


◉ Motive.
Answer: cause for action


◉ Act.
Answer: Doing something


◉ Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: A theory asserting that what makes an action right is its
consequences (the ends of an action)

, ◉ Non-Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: Judges an action based on the motives for doing it as
opposed to the consequences that will follow this action. (All the
actions leading to a ends must be just)


◉ Relativism.
Answer: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of
judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
(takes situation into account)


◉ Objectivism.
Answer: a metaethical theory that states that ethical claims refer to
objective facts about the world, not to cultural norms or personal
preferences; there are UNIVERSAL STANDARDS of right and wrong


◉ Individual Relativism.
Answer: The belief that right and wrong change from person to
person


◉ Social Relativism.
Answer: truth is relative to societies or cultures, not individuals.
Truth depends on what a society believes, not on the way things are.
what's true for one society may not be true for another