NURS 172: Exam 3 Practice Questions
(55) With Accurate Answers
The nurse monitors for vitamin B12 deficiency in the patient with a disorder
of which organ?
1. Gallbladder
2. Pancreas
3. Small intestine
4. Stomach - ANSWER 4:
1. Located in the right upper quadrant, the gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac
attached to the inferior portion of the liver and is responsible for bile storage
and concentration.
2. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. As an
endocrine gland, it produces insulin and glucagon. As an exocrine gland,
the pancreas secretes 1,200 to 1,500 mL daily of pancreatic juice that
contains water, sodium bicarbonate, proenzymes needed for protein
digestion, and the pancreatic enzymes needed for carbohydrate, fat, and
DNA and RNA digestion.
3. Protein, carbohydrate, and fat digestion and absorption occur in the
small intestine.
4. The parietal cells in the stomach secrete intrinsic factor, a chemical
needed for the absorption of vitamin B12, an important component of
hemoglobin synthesis.
The nurse correlates which organ as the main site for metabolizing
medications?
1. Stomach
, 2. Liver
3. Spleen
4. Large intestine - ANSWER 2:
1. The stomach turns food bolus into chyme.
2. Major functions of the liver include (1) absorption and metabolism of
nutrients; (2) degradation of toxins, hormones, and medications; and (3)
synthesis of proteins (clotting factors, albumin, several clotting factors,
fibrinogen, and prothrombin).
3. The spleen produces and stores red (RBCs) and white (WBCs) blood
cells.
5. The large intestine reabsorbs water.
Based on age-related changes in the gastrointestinal system, the nurse
correlates decreased bile synthesis to which structure?
1. Gallbladder
2. Liver
3. Pancreas
4. Stomach - ANSWER 2:
1. The gallbladder is located in the right upper quadrant is responsible for
bile storage and concentration. Bile is needed for the emulsification of fat.
2. The liver aids in the digestion of fat by producing bile acids and lecithin.
3. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. As an
endocrine gland, it produces insulin and glucagon. As an exocrine gland,
the pancreas secretes 1,200 to 1,500 mL daily of a liquid known as
pancreatic juices.
4. The stomach has a major role in digestion through the acid produced in
the stomach. Specialized cells in the stomach also secrete chemicals
essential to the digestive functions of the stomach.
The nurse teaches a patient about the functions of the liver. Which patient
statement indicates the need for additional teaching?
1. "My liver produces glucagon."
2. "My liver helps with the absorption of dietary fat."
3. "My liver helps me synthesize fat and cholesterol."
4. "My liver aids in the elimination of bacteria from the blood." - ANSWER
1:
1. This is incorrect. Glucagon is produced in the pancreas.
2. This is a function of the liver. Therefore, this patient statement indicates
an accurate understanding of the functions of the liver.
(55) With Accurate Answers
The nurse monitors for vitamin B12 deficiency in the patient with a disorder
of which organ?
1. Gallbladder
2. Pancreas
3. Small intestine
4. Stomach - ANSWER 4:
1. Located in the right upper quadrant, the gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac
attached to the inferior portion of the liver and is responsible for bile storage
and concentration.
2. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. As an
endocrine gland, it produces insulin and glucagon. As an exocrine gland,
the pancreas secretes 1,200 to 1,500 mL daily of pancreatic juice that
contains water, sodium bicarbonate, proenzymes needed for protein
digestion, and the pancreatic enzymes needed for carbohydrate, fat, and
DNA and RNA digestion.
3. Protein, carbohydrate, and fat digestion and absorption occur in the
small intestine.
4. The parietal cells in the stomach secrete intrinsic factor, a chemical
needed for the absorption of vitamin B12, an important component of
hemoglobin synthesis.
The nurse correlates which organ as the main site for metabolizing
medications?
1. Stomach
, 2. Liver
3. Spleen
4. Large intestine - ANSWER 2:
1. The stomach turns food bolus into chyme.
2. Major functions of the liver include (1) absorption and metabolism of
nutrients; (2) degradation of toxins, hormones, and medications; and (3)
synthesis of proteins (clotting factors, albumin, several clotting factors,
fibrinogen, and prothrombin).
3. The spleen produces and stores red (RBCs) and white (WBCs) blood
cells.
5. The large intestine reabsorbs water.
Based on age-related changes in the gastrointestinal system, the nurse
correlates decreased bile synthesis to which structure?
1. Gallbladder
2. Liver
3. Pancreas
4. Stomach - ANSWER 2:
1. The gallbladder is located in the right upper quadrant is responsible for
bile storage and concentration. Bile is needed for the emulsification of fat.
2. The liver aids in the digestion of fat by producing bile acids and lecithin.
3. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. As an
endocrine gland, it produces insulin and glucagon. As an exocrine gland,
the pancreas secretes 1,200 to 1,500 mL daily of a liquid known as
pancreatic juices.
4. The stomach has a major role in digestion through the acid produced in
the stomach. Specialized cells in the stomach also secrete chemicals
essential to the digestive functions of the stomach.
The nurse teaches a patient about the functions of the liver. Which patient
statement indicates the need for additional teaching?
1. "My liver produces glucagon."
2. "My liver helps with the absorption of dietary fat."
3. "My liver helps me synthesize fat and cholesterol."
4. "My liver aids in the elimination of bacteria from the blood." - ANSWER
1:
1. This is incorrect. Glucagon is produced in the pancreas.
2. This is a function of the liver. Therefore, this patient statement indicates
an accurate understanding of the functions of the liver.
