WGU Introduction to Cryptography C839 (ECCouncil CES) |
UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Q1: CrypTool
A: Software which allows encryption of text using
historic algorithms
Q2: The Enigma Machine
A: In World War II the Germans made use of an
electromechanical rotor based cipher Known
as The Enigma Machine.
Allied cipher machines used in WWII included
the British TypeX and the American SIGABA.
Q3: The ADFGVX Cipher
A: invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel in 1918.
The key for this algorithm is a sixbysix square
of letters, used to encode a 36letter alphabet.
Q4: The Playfair Cipher
A: invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone.
The Playfair cipher uses a fivebyfive table
containing a keyword or key phrase.
Q5: Breaking the Vigenère Cipher
A: In 1863, Friedrich Kasiski was the first person to
publish a successful general attack on the
Vigenère Cipher
Q6: The Vigenère Cipher
A: This is perhaps the most widely known multi
alphabet substitution cipher. invented in 1553 by
Giovan Battista Bellaso. Uses a series of different
Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a
keyword.
Q7: The Cipher Disk
A: The cipher disk was invented by Leon Alberti in
1466. each time you turned the disk, you used a
new cipher. It was literally a disk you turned to
encrypt plaintext.
,Q8: MultiAlphabet Substitution
A: Use of multiple substitution alphabets.
Example:Cipher Disk, Vigenere Cipher, Enigma
Machine
Q9: Scytale
A: This was a cylinder tool used by the Greeks, and
is often specifically attributed to the Spartans.
Physical cylinder that was used to encrypt
messages.
Q10: ROT13 Cipher
A: It is essentially the Caesar cipher always using a
rotation or shift of 13 characters.
Q11: The ATBASH Cipher
A: Hebrew scribes copying religious texts used this
cipher.
substitutes the first letter of the alphabet for the
last, and the second letter for the secondto
thelast, etc.
Q12: The Caesar Cipher
A: You can choose to shift any number of letters,
either left or right. If you choose to shift two to
the right, that would be a +2; if you choose to
shift four to the left, that would be a 4.
Q13: MonoAlphabet Substitution
A: These algorithms
simply substitute one character of cipher text for
each character of plain text.
Examples: Atbash Cipher, Caesar Cipher, Rot13
Q14: Symmetric Cryptography
A: It is simply any algorithm where the key used to
decrypt a message is the same key used to
encrypt.
, Q15: Diffusion
A: Changes to one character in the plain text affect
multiple characters in the cipher text.
Q16: Confusion
A: Confusion attempts to make the relationship
between the statistical frequencies of the cipher
text and the actual key as complex as possible.
This occurs by using a complex substitution
algorithm.
Q17: Avalanche
A: a small change yields large effects in the output,
This is Fiestel's variation on Claude Shannon's
concept of diffusion.
Q18: Kerckhoffs's Principle
A: This principle states that a cryptosystem should
be secure even if everything about the system,
except the key, is publicly known.
Q19: Substitution
A: Substitution is changing some part of the
plaintext for some matching part of the Cipher
Text.
Q20: Transposition
A: Transposition is the swapping of blocks of
ciphertext.
Q21: binary numbers
A: there are three operations not found in normal
math:
AND, OR, and XOR operations.
UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Q1: CrypTool
A: Software which allows encryption of text using
historic algorithms
Q2: The Enigma Machine
A: In World War II the Germans made use of an
electromechanical rotor based cipher Known
as The Enigma Machine.
Allied cipher machines used in WWII included
the British TypeX and the American SIGABA.
Q3: The ADFGVX Cipher
A: invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel in 1918.
The key for this algorithm is a sixbysix square
of letters, used to encode a 36letter alphabet.
Q4: The Playfair Cipher
A: invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone.
The Playfair cipher uses a fivebyfive table
containing a keyword or key phrase.
Q5: Breaking the Vigenère Cipher
A: In 1863, Friedrich Kasiski was the first person to
publish a successful general attack on the
Vigenère Cipher
Q6: The Vigenère Cipher
A: This is perhaps the most widely known multi
alphabet substitution cipher. invented in 1553 by
Giovan Battista Bellaso. Uses a series of different
Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a
keyword.
Q7: The Cipher Disk
A: The cipher disk was invented by Leon Alberti in
1466. each time you turned the disk, you used a
new cipher. It was literally a disk you turned to
encrypt plaintext.
,Q8: MultiAlphabet Substitution
A: Use of multiple substitution alphabets.
Example:Cipher Disk, Vigenere Cipher, Enigma
Machine
Q9: Scytale
A: This was a cylinder tool used by the Greeks, and
is often specifically attributed to the Spartans.
Physical cylinder that was used to encrypt
messages.
Q10: ROT13 Cipher
A: It is essentially the Caesar cipher always using a
rotation or shift of 13 characters.
Q11: The ATBASH Cipher
A: Hebrew scribes copying religious texts used this
cipher.
substitutes the first letter of the alphabet for the
last, and the second letter for the secondto
thelast, etc.
Q12: The Caesar Cipher
A: You can choose to shift any number of letters,
either left or right. If you choose to shift two to
the right, that would be a +2; if you choose to
shift four to the left, that would be a 4.
Q13: MonoAlphabet Substitution
A: These algorithms
simply substitute one character of cipher text for
each character of plain text.
Examples: Atbash Cipher, Caesar Cipher, Rot13
Q14: Symmetric Cryptography
A: It is simply any algorithm where the key used to
decrypt a message is the same key used to
encrypt.
, Q15: Diffusion
A: Changes to one character in the plain text affect
multiple characters in the cipher text.
Q16: Confusion
A: Confusion attempts to make the relationship
between the statistical frequencies of the cipher
text and the actual key as complex as possible.
This occurs by using a complex substitution
algorithm.
Q17: Avalanche
A: a small change yields large effects in the output,
This is Fiestel's variation on Claude Shannon's
concept of diffusion.
Q18: Kerckhoffs's Principle
A: This principle states that a cryptosystem should
be secure even if everything about the system,
except the key, is publicly known.
Q19: Substitution
A: Substitution is changing some part of the
plaintext for some matching part of the Cipher
Text.
Q20: Transposition
A: Transposition is the swapping of blocks of
ciphertext.
Q21: binary numbers
A: there are three operations not found in normal
math:
AND, OR, and XOR operations.
