Test Bank for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod – Complete Chapters 1–15

TEST BANK FOR HUMAN LEARNING

8TH EDITION ORMROD, CHAPTER 1 - 15

, CHAPTER 1
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING


Multiple Choice Questions
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Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime thanan
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y other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
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New instincts begin to emerge. tr tr tr tr




Human thought becomes less logical with each generation.H tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr




umans can benefit from their experiences. tr tr tr tr tr




Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed inter tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



ms of stimuli and responses. tr tr tr tr




Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
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Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr




After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocatepo
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litical practices he has previously opposed. tr tr tr tr tr




Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related to t
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he multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
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David has been running away from German shepherds ever since hew
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as bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
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Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in kin
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dergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade. Isthis an i
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nstance of learning?
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Yes, because her behavior has changed. tr tr tr tr tr




No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
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Maybe, although the change may simply be due top tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



hysiological maturation. tr




Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr




2

, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning tr tr tr tr tr




Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected i
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n a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily ref
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lect learning? tr




Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past hisus tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



ual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to
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concentrate on what he‘s doing. tr tr tr tr




Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents im
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migrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a conversation tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



with his grandmother, he can now describe the circumstances of th
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e family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
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Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting,dribbling,
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etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his m
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ovements become faster and smoother. tr tr tr tr




Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwor
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k, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teach
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er assures him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, h
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e begins asking for help much more frequently.
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tr research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



tr research examines learning in real-world settings. tr tr tr tr tr




Applied; Basic Basic tr tr




; Qualitative Qualitat
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ive; AppliedBasic; A tr tr tr




pplied

A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in apar
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ticular situation tr




An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in apar
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ticular situation tr




An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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3

, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learningtr tr tr tr tr




Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
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of learning rather than a principle?
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A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
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People learn by making mental associations between new informationa
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nd their existing knowledge. tr tr tr




A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases morera
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pidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
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Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe le tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



cture‘s content. tr




Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conceptof
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introspection?
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ tr tr tr tr tr tr




―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ tr tr tr




―A penny for your thoughts.‖ tr tr tr tr




―Old habits die hard.‖ tr tr tr




Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the basicpr
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emise underlying social learning theory?
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―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ tr tr tr




―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ tr tr tr tr tr tr




―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖ tr tr tr tr tr tr tr




―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖ tr tr tr tr tr




Which one of the following statements provides the most credible explanat
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ion for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animalspecies in t
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heir thinking and learning capacities?
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Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
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Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing so,pa tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr



ss along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
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Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors fromw
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hich they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
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Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g., ele
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phants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quicklyand e
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fficiently.




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