GMS 6474 Practice Test Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
Lecture 2
Muscles can either be ____ or ____?
1. Voluntary
2. Involuntary
What is one question to ask when comparing voluntary to involuntary muscles?
How is the underlying tissue metabolized?
Cardiac functional syncytial vs smooth muscle functional syncytial?
Cardiac - pacemaker cells cause contractions
Smooth - vasodilation/vasoconstriction
True/False: Smooth muscle has striations?
FALSE!
what two factors determine the force production at the sarcomere level?
If they are arranged in parallel or series!
True/False: skeletal muscle cells contain many nuclei and very long
TRUE!
Myofibrils are responsible for what 3 things?
1. tension generation
2. force production
3. shortening of muscle
,What is a sarcomere?
Basic unit of muscle that extends from Z-disc to Z-disc
Sliding filament theory?
The thick/thin filaments do not change but the overlap does!
H zone?
H for "heal" aka "light" only tails of myosin molecules
** THIS COULD DISAPPEAR DUE BC OF CONTRACTIONS*
A-band?
both thick and thin
I band?
only thin - extends both sides of the z-disc
**THIS WILL SHORTEN IF THE MUSCLE CONTRACTS**
What is a triad?
SR, T Tubule, SR
Why is T-Tubule important?
muscle cells are really long so there needs to be something that connects the outside with the
inside
*allows for better communication system*
* action potentials would not reach the myofibrils if it werent for the T-tubules**
True/False: SR keeps Ca levels low?
TRUE!
, Lecture 3
What are the 3 parts of the thick filament?
1. tail
2. hinge aka neck
3. head
Which part is responsible for the ATP activity? Aka the binding and splitting of ATP?
Head
Specifically?
Myosin heavy chains
The myosin light chains are responsible for what?
Modulating the ATP activity in cardiac/skeletal muscle
When inidividual myosin molecules are placed in a ionic and salt solution, what
happens?
The myosin heads will join together and tails will dimerize to form one thick cross bridge
filament
another reminder....what part of the myosin is responsible for the ATP activity?
The myosin heavy chains on the myosin heads
what protein is responsible for in participating in the bipolar arrangement and packing
into sarcomere?
Myomicin C protein
Which protein holds the myosin heads together, instead of leaving them in space?
Verified Correct Answers
Lecture 2
Muscles can either be ____ or ____?
1. Voluntary
2. Involuntary
What is one question to ask when comparing voluntary to involuntary muscles?
How is the underlying tissue metabolized?
Cardiac functional syncytial vs smooth muscle functional syncytial?
Cardiac - pacemaker cells cause contractions
Smooth - vasodilation/vasoconstriction
True/False: Smooth muscle has striations?
FALSE!
what two factors determine the force production at the sarcomere level?
If they are arranged in parallel or series!
True/False: skeletal muscle cells contain many nuclei and very long
TRUE!
Myofibrils are responsible for what 3 things?
1. tension generation
2. force production
3. shortening of muscle
,What is a sarcomere?
Basic unit of muscle that extends from Z-disc to Z-disc
Sliding filament theory?
The thick/thin filaments do not change but the overlap does!
H zone?
H for "heal" aka "light" only tails of myosin molecules
** THIS COULD DISAPPEAR DUE BC OF CONTRACTIONS*
A-band?
both thick and thin
I band?
only thin - extends both sides of the z-disc
**THIS WILL SHORTEN IF THE MUSCLE CONTRACTS**
What is a triad?
SR, T Tubule, SR
Why is T-Tubule important?
muscle cells are really long so there needs to be something that connects the outside with the
inside
*allows for better communication system*
* action potentials would not reach the myofibrils if it werent for the T-tubules**
True/False: SR keeps Ca levels low?
TRUE!
, Lecture 3
What are the 3 parts of the thick filament?
1. tail
2. hinge aka neck
3. head
Which part is responsible for the ATP activity? Aka the binding and splitting of ATP?
Head
Specifically?
Myosin heavy chains
The myosin light chains are responsible for what?
Modulating the ATP activity in cardiac/skeletal muscle
When inidividual myosin molecules are placed in a ionic and salt solution, what
happens?
The myosin heads will join together and tails will dimerize to form one thick cross bridge
filament
another reminder....what part of the myosin is responsible for the ATP activity?
The myosin heavy chains on the myosin heads
what protein is responsible for in participating in the bipolar arrangement and packing
into sarcomere?
Myomicin C protein
Which protein holds the myosin heads together, instead of leaving them in space?
