bio 1108 exam 1 | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Q1: evolution
A: change in the genetic makeup of a population over time
Q2: natural selection
A: when variation in a species is inheritable and best suited for growth/reproduction, it will
disperse into the next generation
Q3: environmental variation
A: due to differences in the environment
ex: apples with and without sunlight
Q4: genetic variation
A: differences in dna that lead to differences among the rna and proteins that then cause
physical differences
Q5: gene
A: a unit of heredity that affects one or more traits of an organism; the dna sequence that
corresponds to a specific protein
Q6: haploid
A: one copy of each chromosome (think gametes)
Q7: diploid
A: 2 copies of each chromosome
Q8: polyploid
A: multiple copies of each chromosomes
Q9: mutation
A: any heritable change in the genetic material; results from an error in replication or
mutagen, such as radiation or chemicals
, Q10: somatic mutations
A: only affects the individual, is not passed down to offspring
Q11: germline mutations
A: passed from parent to offspring
Q12: allele
A: a gene variant
Q13: phenotypes
A: the expressed physical, behavioral, and biochemical traits of an individual, including
height, weight, eye color, etc
Q14: genotypes
A: genetic makeup of a cell or organism; the particular combination of alleles present in an
individual
Q15: gene pool
A: consists of all the alleles present in all of the individuals of a species
Q16: allele frequency
A: proportion of a specific allele in a population
Q17: genotype frequency
A: the proportion in a population of each genotype at a particular gene or set of genes
Q18: evolution
A: change in frequency of an allele or genotype in one generation to the next
Q19: hardyweinberg equilibrium
A: states that allele and genotype frequencies change over time only if specific roles act on
the population (no selection, so mutation, no migration, large population, random
mating)
Answers
Q1: evolution
A: change in the genetic makeup of a population over time
Q2: natural selection
A: when variation in a species is inheritable and best suited for growth/reproduction, it will
disperse into the next generation
Q3: environmental variation
A: due to differences in the environment
ex: apples with and without sunlight
Q4: genetic variation
A: differences in dna that lead to differences among the rna and proteins that then cause
physical differences
Q5: gene
A: a unit of heredity that affects one or more traits of an organism; the dna sequence that
corresponds to a specific protein
Q6: haploid
A: one copy of each chromosome (think gametes)
Q7: diploid
A: 2 copies of each chromosome
Q8: polyploid
A: multiple copies of each chromosomes
Q9: mutation
A: any heritable change in the genetic material; results from an error in replication or
mutagen, such as radiation or chemicals
, Q10: somatic mutations
A: only affects the individual, is not passed down to offspring
Q11: germline mutations
A: passed from parent to offspring
Q12: allele
A: a gene variant
Q13: phenotypes
A: the expressed physical, behavioral, and biochemical traits of an individual, including
height, weight, eye color, etc
Q14: genotypes
A: genetic makeup of a cell or organism; the particular combination of alleles present in an
individual
Q15: gene pool
A: consists of all the alleles present in all of the individuals of a species
Q16: allele frequency
A: proportion of a specific allele in a population
Q17: genotype frequency
A: the proportion in a population of each genotype at a particular gene or set of genes
Q18: evolution
A: change in frequency of an allele or genotype in one generation to the next
Q19: hardyweinberg equilibrium
A: states that allele and genotype frequencies change over time only if specific roles act on
the population (no selection, so mutation, no migration, large population, random
mating)
