BIO 1108 Unit 1 | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Q1: Evolution
A: change in allele frequencies from one generation to the next
Q2: Natural Selection
A: some individuals are more successful at survival and reproduction in a particular
environment.
Q3: Evolutionary fitness
A: total number of viable offspring an organism is able to produce throughout its life.
Q4: Relative fitness
A: the comparative reproductive success of one individual compared to others in a
population.
Q5: Variation
A: The differences that exist between individuals of the same species.
Q6: Adaptation
A: the process by which populations become better suited to their environment over time
Q7: Charles Darwin
A: Developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining how species adapt
and change over time
Q8: Evolutionary fitness equation
A: (survival rate) x (number of offspring)
,Q9: Stabilizing selection
A: Favors survival of individuals with intermediate phenotypes,reducing variation
Q10: Directional selection
A: Favors individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic range, shifting the average toward that
extreme.
Q11: Disruptive selection
A: Favors two ormore extreme phenotypes over intermediate forms, potentially leading to
distinct subgroups
Q12: Divergent evolution
A: refers to the process by which closely related species evolve into different forms
Q13: Convergent evolution
A: the process by which unrelated species independently evolve similar characteristics in
response to similar selective pressures or environmental condition
, Q14: Homologous Structures
A: Anatomical features that share a similar structure or pattern due to inheritance from a
common ancestor
Q15: Vestigial Structures
A: Anatomical features that have lost their original function over the course of evolution but
remain as structural remnants in certain organisms
Q16: Genetic drift
A: random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population due to chance
Q17: Founder effect
A: new population started by a smallgroup → reduced genetic diversity
Q18: Bottleneck effect
A: occurs when a population experiences a sudden size reduction (e.g., natural disaster,
hunting)
Q19: Allele Fixation
A: by chance, an allele may becomethe only variant in a population
Q20: Allele Loss
A: alleles can also randomly disappear
Q21: Small population impact
A: drift effects stronger →chance events shape allele frequencies more
Q22: Biological species
A: species are individuals with the potential to interbreed and produce viable fertile
offspring.
Q23: Evolutionary lineage
A: species are defined by evolutionary lines of descent
Answers
Q1: Evolution
A: change in allele frequencies from one generation to the next
Q2: Natural Selection
A: some individuals are more successful at survival and reproduction in a particular
environment.
Q3: Evolutionary fitness
A: total number of viable offspring an organism is able to produce throughout its life.
Q4: Relative fitness
A: the comparative reproductive success of one individual compared to others in a
population.
Q5: Variation
A: The differences that exist between individuals of the same species.
Q6: Adaptation
A: the process by which populations become better suited to their environment over time
Q7: Charles Darwin
A: Developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining how species adapt
and change over time
Q8: Evolutionary fitness equation
A: (survival rate) x (number of offspring)
,Q9: Stabilizing selection
A: Favors survival of individuals with intermediate phenotypes,reducing variation
Q10: Directional selection
A: Favors individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic range, shifting the average toward that
extreme.
Q11: Disruptive selection
A: Favors two ormore extreme phenotypes over intermediate forms, potentially leading to
distinct subgroups
Q12: Divergent evolution
A: refers to the process by which closely related species evolve into different forms
Q13: Convergent evolution
A: the process by which unrelated species independently evolve similar characteristics in
response to similar selective pressures or environmental condition
, Q14: Homologous Structures
A: Anatomical features that share a similar structure or pattern due to inheritance from a
common ancestor
Q15: Vestigial Structures
A: Anatomical features that have lost their original function over the course of evolution but
remain as structural remnants in certain organisms
Q16: Genetic drift
A: random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population due to chance
Q17: Founder effect
A: new population started by a smallgroup → reduced genetic diversity
Q18: Bottleneck effect
A: occurs when a population experiences a sudden size reduction (e.g., natural disaster,
hunting)
Q19: Allele Fixation
A: by chance, an allele may becomethe only variant in a population
Q20: Allele Loss
A: alleles can also randomly disappear
Q21: Small population impact
A: drift effects stronger →chance events shape allele frequencies more
Q22: Biological species
A: species are individuals with the potential to interbreed and produce viable fertile
offspring.
Q23: Evolutionary lineage
A: species are defined by evolutionary lines of descent
