bio 1108 exam 1 (herrick) | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: what are two factors that contribute to phenotype?
A: genotype and environment
Q2: species
A: individuals that are able to exchange genetic material
Q3: gene pool
A: all alleles present in individuals of that species
Q4: populations
A: interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same geographical
area
Q5: what are two main sources that lead to genetic variation?
A: mutation and recombination
Q6: what can somatic mutations lead to?
A: cancer, disease and even death to an INDIVIDUAL
Q7: what can germ line mutations lead to?
A: mutations that are passed down to offspring
Q8: recombination; name two ways it can occur
A: new alleles may be generated through crossing over and independent assortment
Q9: allele frequency
A: rate of occurrences of alleles in a population
, Q10: gene locus
A: the location of a certain gene/allele
Q11: allele
A: a form of a gene; one copy of a gene
example: A, a
Q12: how is genetic variation measured?
A: through the allele frequency equation
Q13: what is the allele frequency equation?
A: AF=(# of copies of an allele)/(total # of alleles in population)
Q14: evolution
A: change in allele frequency or genotype frequency over time
Q15: how is evolution measured?
A: examinable physical traits, gel electrophoresis, DNA sequences;
most importantly: the hardyweinberg equilibrium
Q16: what does the hardyweinberg equilibrium model describe?
A: the situation in which evolution does NOT occur
Q17: a population in the HW equilibrium meets what requirements?
A: 1. closed population (no migration or gene flow)
2. no mutations
3. large population (no genetic drift)
4. random mating (no sexual selection)
5. no natural selection
Q18: what is the HW equation?
A: p^2 + 2pq + q^2
Verified Answers
Q1: what are two factors that contribute to phenotype?
A: genotype and environment
Q2: species
A: individuals that are able to exchange genetic material
Q3: gene pool
A: all alleles present in individuals of that species
Q4: populations
A: interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same geographical
area
Q5: what are two main sources that lead to genetic variation?
A: mutation and recombination
Q6: what can somatic mutations lead to?
A: cancer, disease and even death to an INDIVIDUAL
Q7: what can germ line mutations lead to?
A: mutations that are passed down to offspring
Q8: recombination; name two ways it can occur
A: new alleles may be generated through crossing over and independent assortment
Q9: allele frequency
A: rate of occurrences of alleles in a population
, Q10: gene locus
A: the location of a certain gene/allele
Q11: allele
A: a form of a gene; one copy of a gene
example: A, a
Q12: how is genetic variation measured?
A: through the allele frequency equation
Q13: what is the allele frequency equation?
A: AF=(# of copies of an allele)/(total # of alleles in population)
Q14: evolution
A: change in allele frequency or genotype frequency over time
Q15: how is evolution measured?
A: examinable physical traits, gel electrophoresis, DNA sequences;
most importantly: the hardyweinberg equilibrium
Q16: what does the hardyweinberg equilibrium model describe?
A: the situation in which evolution does NOT occur
Q17: a population in the HW equilibrium meets what requirements?
A: 1. closed population (no migration or gene flow)
2. no mutations
3. large population (no genetic drift)
4. random mating (no sexual selection)
5. no natural selection
Q18: what is the HW equation?
A: p^2 + 2pq + q^2
