BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
When does anterior fontanelle close for infant -
correct answer ✅12-18 mo
what does bulging fontanelle mean? -
correct answer ✅-dehydration (intravasc losses)
-intracranial bleeding
What are main neurological differences btn infant and adult -
correct answer ✅-thinner cranial bones
-cranial sutures dont fuse til adult
-hearing ranges
-BBB is not fully developed !!!
-unable to control their head
what are main HEENT differences btn infant and adult -
correct answer ✅-smaller airways
-bb's = nose breathers til 4-6mo
-lrger tongue and smaller oral cavity
-trachea is more cartilaginous and soft
-tonsils may be enlarged
,BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
-larynx is higher and more anterior
-short trachea
what does the main differences of HEENT in infants vs adult mean?
-
correct answer ✅-greater risk of airway obstruction
-nose breather = nares must be patent
-tongue is more likely to obstruct airway
-trachea nature (being shorter) is succeptible to collapse and be
obstructed
-endotracheal tube can be hard to insert due to enlarged tonsils
-intubation can be harder due to larynx position and epiglottis
what are the main cardiovasc differences btn infants and adults -
correct answer ✅-higher metabolic rate
-higher HR
-Blood vol is larger, but absolute vol is smaller
-smaller vessels, lrg heart compared to small body
-under 6mo SV cannot be adjusted (everything is dependent on inc
HR)
-minimal # of myocytes
,BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
-drop in urine output = issues w heart
what does main cardiovasc differences for infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-leads to rapid desat
-blood loss is very closely monitored
main GI differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-abdo contents = unprotected due to thin abdo
wall and underdevleoped muscles
-smaller stomach, empties faster
-gastro/cardiac sphincter at base of esophagus is LOOSE and
underveloped
-liver is underdeveloped
what does the differences in GI for infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-undeveloped liver = greater risk of jaundice
-underdeveloped and loose gastro / cardiac sphincter makes it
easier to vomit
-grater risk for blunt abdo trauma
, BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
what are the main GU differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-immature kidneys til 12mo
-dec RAAS response til 2yrs
-renal blood flow and GFR is low
-ADH is produced by collecting ducts, doesnt respond as effectively
what does main GU differences in infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-immature kidneys = dec ability to concentrate
urine
-more likely to be dehydrated
-ADH role doesnt allow for water absorption as well
-prone to loose stools
what are the main muscle-skeletal differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-lack complete ossification of ribs and sternum
-underdeveloped musculature
-epiphyseal plates dont fuse until skeletal maturity
-bones = more cartilaginous and flexible
what does muscle skeletal differences in infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-less protection of underlying structures
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
When does anterior fontanelle close for infant -
correct answer ✅12-18 mo
what does bulging fontanelle mean? -
correct answer ✅-dehydration (intravasc losses)
-intracranial bleeding
What are main neurological differences btn infant and adult -
correct answer ✅-thinner cranial bones
-cranial sutures dont fuse til adult
-hearing ranges
-BBB is not fully developed !!!
-unable to control their head
what are main HEENT differences btn infant and adult -
correct answer ✅-smaller airways
-bb's = nose breathers til 4-6mo
-lrger tongue and smaller oral cavity
-trachea is more cartilaginous and soft
-tonsils may be enlarged
,BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
-larynx is higher and more anterior
-short trachea
what does the main differences of HEENT in infants vs adult mean?
-
correct answer ✅-greater risk of airway obstruction
-nose breather = nares must be patent
-tongue is more likely to obstruct airway
-trachea nature (being shorter) is succeptible to collapse and be
obstructed
-endotracheal tube can be hard to insert due to enlarged tonsils
-intubation can be harder due to larynx position and epiglottis
what are the main cardiovasc differences btn infants and adults -
correct answer ✅-higher metabolic rate
-higher HR
-Blood vol is larger, but absolute vol is smaller
-smaller vessels, lrg heart compared to small body
-under 6mo SV cannot be adjusted (everything is dependent on inc
HR)
-minimal # of myocytes
,BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
-drop in urine output = issues w heart
what does main cardiovasc differences for infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-leads to rapid desat
-blood loss is very closely monitored
main GI differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-abdo contents = unprotected due to thin abdo
wall and underdevleoped muscles
-smaller stomach, empties faster
-gastro/cardiac sphincter at base of esophagus is LOOSE and
underveloped
-liver is underdeveloped
what does the differences in GI for infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-undeveloped liver = greater risk of jaundice
-underdeveloped and loose gastro / cardiac sphincter makes it
easier to vomit
-grater risk for blunt abdo trauma
, BSNC 5000 Peds Midterm Exam
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
what are the main GU differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-immature kidneys til 12mo
-dec RAAS response til 2yrs
-renal blood flow and GFR is low
-ADH is produced by collecting ducts, doesnt respond as effectively
what does main GU differences in infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-immature kidneys = dec ability to concentrate
urine
-more likely to be dehydrated
-ADH role doesnt allow for water absorption as well
-prone to loose stools
what are the main muscle-skeletal differences in infants vs adults -
correct answer ✅-lack complete ossification of ribs and sternum
-underdeveloped musculature
-epiphyseal plates dont fuse until skeletal maturity
-bones = more cartilaginous and flexible
what does muscle skeletal differences in infants vs adults mean -
correct answer ✅-less protection of underlying structures
