BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
compact bone is composed of structural units called ___ -
correct answer ✅osteon
spongy bone contains lattice-shaped meshwork called -
correct answer ✅trabeculae
define bone remodelling -
correct answer ✅the dynamic process in which existing bone is
broken down (bone resorption) and replaced by a new bone (bone
deposition)
blood calcium level is maintained by the ___ hormone and
activated by ___ -
correct answer ✅blood calcium levels is maintained by parathyroid
hormone (PTH) and activated by Vitamin D
which body systems does mobility require -
correct answer ✅musculoskeletal system and the nervous system
the ____ plays a crucial role in ensuring smooth, balanced, and
coordinated movement -
correct answer ✅cerebellum
,BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
proprioception -
correct answer ✅the sense of the body's position
effects of impaired mobility on the cardiovascular system -
correct answer ✅Reduced cardiac capacity due to lack of physical
activity.
Increased risk of venous stasis (blood pooling in veins) and deep
vein thrombosis (DVT), as muscle contractions that normally assist
blood flow are reduced.
Orthostatic hypotension may occur, causing dizziness or fainting
upon standing, due to diminished vascular reflexes.
effects of impaired mobility on the respiratory system -
correct answer ✅Reduced lung expansion from inactivity can lead
to atelectasis (collapse of the alveoli in the lungs) and a decreased
ability to perform gas exchange.
Pooling of respiratory secretions increases the risk of pneumonia in
patients who are immobile for prolonged periods.
age related changes that impact mobility (vertebral discs, spinal
column, bone density, gender, cartilage, ligaments, reflex,
,BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
sensation, balance, appetite, absorption, constipation) -
correct answer ✅Musculoskeletal system:
- Vertebral discs begin to thin
- spinal column compresses, reducing flexibility and height.
- Bone density decreases, making bones more brittle and prone to
fractures (especially in postmenopausal women).
- Cartilage becomes stiffer
- muscle mass decreases, leading to reduced strength and slower
movement.
- Ligaments lose elasticity, which increases the risk of joint stiffness
and limits range of motion.
Neurological function:
- Slower reflexes
- Altered sensation
- Reduced balance
Nutrition:
- Reduced appetite
- Decreased absorption
- Increased constipation risk
, BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
define osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low
density and micro-architectural deterioration
osteoporosis vs bone remodelling -
correct answer ✅- an imbalance in bone remodelling - bone
resorption exceeds bone deposition
- the rate of bone remodelling increases
which disease is often referred to as a "silent disease", why? -
correct answer ✅osteoporosis
because it progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs -
thus early detection is key
what is t-score? -
correct answer ✅BMD compared to that of a healthy 30 year old
what are two non modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅-age (65+)
-postmenopausal women due to a decline in estrogen which results
in rapid bone loss
Answers (Grade A+)
compact bone is composed of structural units called ___ -
correct answer ✅osteon
spongy bone contains lattice-shaped meshwork called -
correct answer ✅trabeculae
define bone remodelling -
correct answer ✅the dynamic process in which existing bone is
broken down (bone resorption) and replaced by a new bone (bone
deposition)
blood calcium level is maintained by the ___ hormone and
activated by ___ -
correct answer ✅blood calcium levels is maintained by parathyroid
hormone (PTH) and activated by Vitamin D
which body systems does mobility require -
correct answer ✅musculoskeletal system and the nervous system
the ____ plays a crucial role in ensuring smooth, balanced, and
coordinated movement -
correct answer ✅cerebellum
,BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
proprioception -
correct answer ✅the sense of the body's position
effects of impaired mobility on the cardiovascular system -
correct answer ✅Reduced cardiac capacity due to lack of physical
activity.
Increased risk of venous stasis (blood pooling in veins) and deep
vein thrombosis (DVT), as muscle contractions that normally assist
blood flow are reduced.
Orthostatic hypotension may occur, causing dizziness or fainting
upon standing, due to diminished vascular reflexes.
effects of impaired mobility on the respiratory system -
correct answer ✅Reduced lung expansion from inactivity can lead
to atelectasis (collapse of the alveoli in the lungs) and a decreased
ability to perform gas exchange.
Pooling of respiratory secretions increases the risk of pneumonia in
patients who are immobile for prolonged periods.
age related changes that impact mobility (vertebral discs, spinal
column, bone density, gender, cartilage, ligaments, reflex,
,BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
sensation, balance, appetite, absorption, constipation) -
correct answer ✅Musculoskeletal system:
- Vertebral discs begin to thin
- spinal column compresses, reducing flexibility and height.
- Bone density decreases, making bones more brittle and prone to
fractures (especially in postmenopausal women).
- Cartilage becomes stiffer
- muscle mass decreases, leading to reduced strength and slower
movement.
- Ligaments lose elasticity, which increases the risk of joint stiffness
and limits range of motion.
Neurological function:
- Slower reflexes
- Altered sensation
- Reduced balance
Nutrition:
- Reduced appetite
- Decreased absorption
- Increased constipation risk
, BSNC 1000 Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
define osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low
density and micro-architectural deterioration
osteoporosis vs bone remodelling -
correct answer ✅- an imbalance in bone remodelling - bone
resorption exceeds bone deposition
- the rate of bone remodelling increases
which disease is often referred to as a "silent disease", why? -
correct answer ✅osteoporosis
because it progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs -
thus early detection is key
what is t-score? -
correct answer ✅BMD compared to that of a healthy 30 year old
what are two non modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅-age (65+)
-postmenopausal women due to a decline in estrogen which results
in rapid bone loss
