NUR 334 ADVANCED PEDIATRIC
NURSING EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. A 10-month-old infant is admitted with suspected intussusception. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?
A. Currant jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus
B. Projectile vomiting after feedings
C. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
D. Painless bright red rectal bleeding
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Intussusception typically presents with ‘currant jelly’ stools due
to the leakage of blood and mucus into the intestinal lumen. Ribbon-like stools are
associated with Hirschsprung’s disease, and projectile vomiting is classic for pyloric
stenosis.
2. Which developmental milestone should a nurse expect an 18-month-old child to have
achieved?
A. Building a tower of six to seven blocks
B. Jumping in place with both feet
,C. Walking up and down stairs while holding a hand
D. Throwing a ball overhand without falling
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: At 18 months, walking up stairs with assistance is a standard
motor milestone. Building a tower of 6-7 blocks and jumping in place are usually achieved
closer to 24 months.
3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) experiences a hypercyanotic (‘tet’) spell. What is the
nurse’s immediate priority action?
A. Administer 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask
B. Administer intravenous morphine sulfate
C. Place the child in the knee-chest position
D. Prepare for emergency endotracheal intubation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which decreases the right-to-left shunt and improves pulmonary blood flow, providing
immediate relief during a tet spell.
4. A 4-year-old is diagnosed with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN). Which assessment finding
is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Periorbital edema and tea-colored urine
, B. Massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia
C. Hypotension and bradycardia
D. Increased frequency of urination and dysuria
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: AGN is characterized by periorbital edema, hypertension, and
hematuria (tea-colored or smoky urine). Massive proteinuria is more characteristic of
Nephrotic Syndrome.
5. According to Erikson, a 9-year-old child is in which stage of psychosocial development?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: School-age children (6 to 12 years) are in the stage of Industry
vs. Inferiority, where they focus on mastering skills and competing with others.
6. A toddler is admitted for lead poisoning. Which level of blood lead requires medical
chelation therapy according to standard guidelines?
A. Above 5 mcg/dL
B. Above 45 mcg/dL
NURSING EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. A 10-month-old infant is admitted with suspected intussusception. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?
A. Currant jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus
B. Projectile vomiting after feedings
C. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
D. Painless bright red rectal bleeding
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Intussusception typically presents with ‘currant jelly’ stools due
to the leakage of blood and mucus into the intestinal lumen. Ribbon-like stools are
associated with Hirschsprung’s disease, and projectile vomiting is classic for pyloric
stenosis.
2. Which developmental milestone should a nurse expect an 18-month-old child to have
achieved?
A. Building a tower of six to seven blocks
B. Jumping in place with both feet
,C. Walking up and down stairs while holding a hand
D. Throwing a ball overhand without falling
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: At 18 months, walking up stairs with assistance is a standard
motor milestone. Building a tower of 6-7 blocks and jumping in place are usually achieved
closer to 24 months.
3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) experiences a hypercyanotic (‘tet’) spell. What is the
nurse’s immediate priority action?
A. Administer 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask
B. Administer intravenous morphine sulfate
C. Place the child in the knee-chest position
D. Prepare for emergency endotracheal intubation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which decreases the right-to-left shunt and improves pulmonary blood flow, providing
immediate relief during a tet spell.
4. A 4-year-old is diagnosed with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN). Which assessment finding
is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Periorbital edema and tea-colored urine
, B. Massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia
C. Hypotension and bradycardia
D. Increased frequency of urination and dysuria
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: AGN is characterized by periorbital edema, hypertension, and
hematuria (tea-colored or smoky urine). Massive proteinuria is more characteristic of
Nephrotic Syndrome.
5. According to Erikson, a 9-year-old child is in which stage of psychosocial development?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: School-age children (6 to 12 years) are in the stage of Industry
vs. Inferiority, where they focus on mastering skills and competing with others.
6. A toddler is admitted for lead poisoning. Which level of blood lead requires medical
chelation therapy according to standard guidelines?
A. Above 5 mcg/dL
B. Above 45 mcg/dL
