Rasmussen Pathophysiology 2027 Exam 1 Updated Study Guide
Questions and Answers - Focused Revision Pack - A+ Verified
Question 1.
function of mitochondria .
Answer: ATP production/cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell
Question 2.
Rough ER .
Answer: That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
Question 3.
Smooth ER .
Answer: That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
Question 4.
Homeostasis .
Answer: A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a
particular level
Question 5.
Hypertrophy .
Answer: increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
Question 6.
atrophy .
Answer: the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline
or failure; to waste away
Question 7.
Ischemia .
Answer: an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body,
especially the heart muscles.
Question 8.
S/S of Objective Data .
,Answer: Any observations made by using your senses (pts. blood pressure,
physical findings, and lab values)
Question 9.
S/S of Subjective Data .
Answer: Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt. feels (pain)
Question 10.
Epinephrine .
Answer: Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to
stress. Also known as adrenaline.
Question 11.
Renin .
Answer: hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
Question 12.
What causes edema? .
Answer: -reduced concentration of plasma proteins -increased permeability of
capillary wall -increased venous pressure -blockage of lymph vessels
Question 13.
Signs and symptoms of fluid excess .
Answer: edema, dysnpea (trouble breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD,
pulse increase and bounding, weight increase Signs and symptoms of
dehydration . Answer: Dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, Low
BP, Low pulse, fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased mental function, confusion,
and loss of consciousness
Question 14.
S/S of hypocalcemia .
Answer: - muscle twitches/tetany - hyperactive DTRs - positive Chvostek's sign
(tapping on the facial nerve triggering facial twitching) - positive Trousseau's
sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained blood pressure cuff inflation) -
seizures
, Question 15.
Osmosis .
Answer: Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Question 16.
Diffusion .
Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
Question 17.
active transport .
Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
against a concentration difference
Question 18.
Effect of hypertonic solution .
Answer: cell shrinks and can die
Question 19.
effect of a hypotonic solution .
Answer: cell swells and can burst
Question 20.
active immunity .
Answer: A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
Question 21.
passive immunity .
Answer: An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather
receives them directly from another source, such as mother to infant through
breast milk
Question 22.
Examples of active immunity .
Answer: natural infection, vaccines,
Questions and Answers - Focused Revision Pack - A+ Verified
Question 1.
function of mitochondria .
Answer: ATP production/cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell
Question 2.
Rough ER .
Answer: That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
Question 3.
Smooth ER .
Answer: That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
Question 4.
Homeostasis .
Answer: A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a
particular level
Question 5.
Hypertrophy .
Answer: increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
Question 6.
atrophy .
Answer: the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline
or failure; to waste away
Question 7.
Ischemia .
Answer: an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body,
especially the heart muscles.
Question 8.
S/S of Objective Data .
,Answer: Any observations made by using your senses (pts. blood pressure,
physical findings, and lab values)
Question 9.
S/S of Subjective Data .
Answer: Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt. feels (pain)
Question 10.
Epinephrine .
Answer: Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to
stress. Also known as adrenaline.
Question 11.
Renin .
Answer: hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
Question 12.
What causes edema? .
Answer: -reduced concentration of plasma proteins -increased permeability of
capillary wall -increased venous pressure -blockage of lymph vessels
Question 13.
Signs and symptoms of fluid excess .
Answer: edema, dysnpea (trouble breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD,
pulse increase and bounding, weight increase Signs and symptoms of
dehydration . Answer: Dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, Low
BP, Low pulse, fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased mental function, confusion,
and loss of consciousness
Question 14.
S/S of hypocalcemia .
Answer: - muscle twitches/tetany - hyperactive DTRs - positive Chvostek's sign
(tapping on the facial nerve triggering facial twitching) - positive Trousseau's
sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained blood pressure cuff inflation) -
seizures
, Question 15.
Osmosis .
Answer: Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Question 16.
Diffusion .
Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
Question 17.
active transport .
Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
against a concentration difference
Question 18.
Effect of hypertonic solution .
Answer: cell shrinks and can die
Question 19.
effect of a hypotonic solution .
Answer: cell swells and can burst
Question 20.
active immunity .
Answer: A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
Question 21.
passive immunity .
Answer: An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather
receives them directly from another source, such as mother to infant through
breast milk
Question 22.
Examples of active immunity .
Answer: natural infection, vaccines,
