Biology 2401 - Anatomy & Physiology I (Unit 1, Ch1-4)
Exam 1 Study Guide (Chapter 1 The Human Body An
Orientation, Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life, Chapter 3
General Cytology, Chapter 4 General Histology. This study
guide consists of vocabulary, review questions, and sample
exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Active Transport Correct Answers Movement of substances
across the cell membrane requiring energy.
Adipose Correct Answers Connective tissue composed of fat
cells.
Afferent Pathway Correct Answers Pathway of control that
monitors changes and sends information to the control center.
Amino Acids Correct Answers The fundamental building
blocks of proteins. Essential for the synthesis of peptide chains
and the overall structure and function of proteins.
Amoeboid Motion Correct Answers Movement characteristic
of cells like amoebas, involving cytoplasmic streaming and
pseudopod formation.
Anabolic Correct Answers Reactions that build larger
molecules from smaller ones.
Anatomical Position Correct Answers Body is upright, directly
facing the observer, feet parallel and arms at the sides with
palms facing forward.
,Anatomy Correct Answers The study of the structure and shape
of the body and its parts.
Anterior Correct Answers Toward or at the front of the body.
Antiporter Correct Answers A protein that transports two
different substances in opposite directions across a membrane.
Anucleate Correct Answers Cells lacking a nucleus.
Apical Correct Answers The upper surface of epithelial tissue
facing the external environment or lumen.
Apocrine Correct Answers Gland that releases portions of its
cell containing secretions.
Aquaporins Correct Answers Proteins that facilitate the
movement of water across cell membranes.
Areolar Connective Tissue Correct Answers Loose connective
tissue with an open framework of collagen and elastic fibers.
Atom Correct Answers The basic unit of a chemical element.
Atomic Mass Correct Answers Sum of the number of protons
and neutrons in an atom.
Atomic Number Correct Answers Number of protons in the
nucleus of an atom.
,ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers - Structure:
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.
- Function: High-energy molecule.
- Used for: Energy currency of the cell; powers cellular activities
and reactions.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers A high-
energy molecule crucial for cellular activities, serving as the
primary energy currency in living cells.
Auscultation Correct Answers Listening to sounds within the
body, typically using a stethoscope.
Autolysis Correct Answers The process of self-destruction of a
cell by its own enzymes.
Basal Correct Answers The lower surface of epithelial tissue
facing the underlying connective tissue.
Basal Lamina Correct Answers A thin extracellular layer of
proteins beneath epithelial cells, part of the basement membrane.
Basement Membrane Correct Answers A structure that attaches
epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue, consisting of
the basal lamina and reticular lamina.
Be able to determine the sequence of amino acids given a DNA
template (use the genetic code table). Correct Answers The
genetic code table provides the correspondence between DNA
, codons and amino acids. Given a DNA template, the sequence
of amino acids can be determined by matching each triplet
(codon) with its corresponding amino acid.
Biochemistry Correct Answers The study of chemical
processes in living organisms.
Blood Correct Answers Connective tissue with a liquid matrix
(plasma) containing cells.
Bone Correct Answers Connective tissue with a solid,
mineralized matrix.
Brownian Motion Correct Answers Random motion of
particles in a fluid due to collisions with other particles.
Buffer Correct Answers A substance that resists changes in pH.
Carbohydrate Correct Answers Organic compounds consisting
of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Function as a
quick energy source and provide structural support in living
organisms.
Cardiac Muscle Correct Answers Involuntary muscle found in
the heart.
Carrier-Mediated Facilitated Diffusion Correct Answers
Movement of molecules across the membrane facilitated by
carrier proteins.
Exam 1 Study Guide (Chapter 1 The Human Body An
Orientation, Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life, Chapter 3
General Cytology, Chapter 4 General Histology. This study
guide consists of vocabulary, review questions, and sample
exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Active Transport Correct Answers Movement of substances
across the cell membrane requiring energy.
Adipose Correct Answers Connective tissue composed of fat
cells.
Afferent Pathway Correct Answers Pathway of control that
monitors changes and sends information to the control center.
Amino Acids Correct Answers The fundamental building
blocks of proteins. Essential for the synthesis of peptide chains
and the overall structure and function of proteins.
Amoeboid Motion Correct Answers Movement characteristic
of cells like amoebas, involving cytoplasmic streaming and
pseudopod formation.
Anabolic Correct Answers Reactions that build larger
molecules from smaller ones.
Anatomical Position Correct Answers Body is upright, directly
facing the observer, feet parallel and arms at the sides with
palms facing forward.
,Anatomy Correct Answers The study of the structure and shape
of the body and its parts.
Anterior Correct Answers Toward or at the front of the body.
Antiporter Correct Answers A protein that transports two
different substances in opposite directions across a membrane.
Anucleate Correct Answers Cells lacking a nucleus.
Apical Correct Answers The upper surface of epithelial tissue
facing the external environment or lumen.
Apocrine Correct Answers Gland that releases portions of its
cell containing secretions.
Aquaporins Correct Answers Proteins that facilitate the
movement of water across cell membranes.
Areolar Connective Tissue Correct Answers Loose connective
tissue with an open framework of collagen and elastic fibers.
Atom Correct Answers The basic unit of a chemical element.
Atomic Mass Correct Answers Sum of the number of protons
and neutrons in an atom.
Atomic Number Correct Answers Number of protons in the
nucleus of an atom.
,ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers - Structure:
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.
- Function: High-energy molecule.
- Used for: Energy currency of the cell; powers cellular activities
and reactions.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers A high-
energy molecule crucial for cellular activities, serving as the
primary energy currency in living cells.
Auscultation Correct Answers Listening to sounds within the
body, typically using a stethoscope.
Autolysis Correct Answers The process of self-destruction of a
cell by its own enzymes.
Basal Correct Answers The lower surface of epithelial tissue
facing the underlying connective tissue.
Basal Lamina Correct Answers A thin extracellular layer of
proteins beneath epithelial cells, part of the basement membrane.
Basement Membrane Correct Answers A structure that attaches
epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue, consisting of
the basal lamina and reticular lamina.
Be able to determine the sequence of amino acids given a DNA
template (use the genetic code table). Correct Answers The
genetic code table provides the correspondence between DNA
, codons and amino acids. Given a DNA template, the sequence
of amino acids can be determined by matching each triplet
(codon) with its corresponding amino acid.
Biochemistry Correct Answers The study of chemical
processes in living organisms.
Blood Correct Answers Connective tissue with a liquid matrix
(plasma) containing cells.
Bone Correct Answers Connective tissue with a solid,
mineralized matrix.
Brownian Motion Correct Answers Random motion of
particles in a fluid due to collisions with other particles.
Buffer Correct Answers A substance that resists changes in pH.
Carbohydrate Correct Answers Organic compounds consisting
of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Function as a
quick energy source and provide structural support in living
organisms.
Cardiac Muscle Correct Answers Involuntary muscle found in
the heart.
Carrier-Mediated Facilitated Diffusion Correct Answers
Movement of molecules across the membrane facilitated by
carrier proteins.
