Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
aa aa aa aa aa aa
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions with
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
aa aa aa aa aa aa
PRACTICE
aa
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. aa
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
numbers?
aa
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
step in the process?
aa aa aa aa
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing aa
C) Antigen margination aa
D) Recognition and adherence aa aa
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
permeability and pain?
aa aa aa
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide aa
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
of inflammation and includes:
aa aa aa aa
A) fever and lethargy.
aa aa
B) decreased C-reactive protein. aa aa
C) positive nitrogen balance. aa aa
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
aa aa aa
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
which of the following phenomena?
aa aa aa aa aa
,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation aa aa
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
aa aa aa aa aa aa
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis aa aa aa
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages aa aa a a
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain. aa aa aa aa aa
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. aa aa aa
C) block viral replication in cells.
aa aa aa aa
D) inhibit prostaglandin release. aa aa
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces aa aa aa aa aa
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium aa aa aa aa aa
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris aa aa aa
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. experiencing chronic inflammation? aa aa
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) aa
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) aa
C) 35.5C (95.9F) aa
D) 37.3C (99.1F) aa
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts aa aa aa aa
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air aa aa aa aa
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles aa aa aa
D) Decreased urine production aa aa
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
most likely the primary cause of her request?
a a aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Evaporation and conduction aa aa
B) Radiation and convection aa aa
C) Conduction and convection aa aa
D) Convection and evaporation aa aa
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Acute inflammation aa
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction aa
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure aa
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. developing a neurogenic fever? aa aa aa
aa aa aa aa aa aa
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions with
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
aa aa aa aa aa aa
PRACTICE
aa
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. aa
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
numbers?
aa
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
step in the process?
aa aa aa aa
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing aa
C) Antigen margination aa
D) Recognition and adherence aa aa
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
permeability and pain?
aa aa aa
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide aa
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
of inflammation and includes:
aa aa aa aa
A) fever and lethargy.
aa aa
B) decreased C-reactive protein. aa aa
C) positive nitrogen balance. aa aa
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
aa aa aa
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
which of the following phenomena?
aa aa aa aa aa
,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation aa aa
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
aa aa aa aa aa aa
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis aa aa aa
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages aa aa a a
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain. aa aa aa aa aa
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. aa aa aa
C) block viral replication in cells.
aa aa aa aa
D) inhibit prostaglandin release. aa aa
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces aa aa aa aa aa
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium aa aa aa aa aa
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris aa aa aa
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. experiencing chronic inflammation? aa aa
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) aa
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) aa
C) 35.5C (95.9F) aa
D) 37.3C (99.1F) aa
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts aa aa aa aa
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air aa aa aa aa
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles aa aa aa
D) Decreased urine production aa aa
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
most likely the primary cause of her request?
a a aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Evaporation and conduction aa aa
B) Radiation and convection aa aa
C) Conduction and convection aa aa
D) Convection and evaporation aa aa
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
A) Acute inflammation aa
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction aa
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure aa
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
. developing a neurogenic fever? aa aa aa
