NU 136
EXAM 4
Fundamentals of Nursing
Actual Questions w/Correct Answers
Galen College of Nursing
What you Will Get:
• 50+ verified questions
• Correct answers with Rationales.
• Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,1. The nurse is reviewing medication standards and regulations. Which of the
following agencies is responsible for enforcing medication legislation?
A. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C. The Joint Commission (TJC)
D. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Correct Answer:
B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Rationale: The FDA is the federal agency responsible for protecting public health by
ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human drugs, biological products, and
medical devices. It enforces medication legislation, regulates drug manufacturing, and
oversees drug labeling. The DEA primarily regulates controlled substances, The Joint
Commission accredits healthcare organizations, and CMS administers
Medicare/Medicaid programs.
2. The nurse is developing a conference on the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Which
of the following processes should the nurse include as the alteration of a drug to
a less active form in preparation for elimination?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer:
C. Metabolism
Rationale: Metabolism (biotransformation) is the enzymatic process—primarily in the
liver—where drugs are chemically altered into less active or inactive forms (metabolites)
to prepare for elimination. Absorption is the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream. Distribution is the transport of a drug throughout
body fluids and tissues. Excretion is the removal of the drug or its metabolites from the
body.
3. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to a client.
Which of the following injection sites should the nurse select as the preferred
location?
, A. Deltoid muscle
B. Dorsogluteal muscle
C. Vastus lateralis muscle
D. Ventrogluteal muscle
Correct Answer:
D. Ventrogluteal muscle
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred IM injection site for adults because it
is free of major nerves and vascular structures and provides adequate muscle mass.
The dorsogluteal site is no longer recommended due to the risk of sciatic nerve injury.
The deltoid is used for small volumes (≤1 mL), and the vastus lateralis is preferred for
infants and children.
4. The nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection to a client.
Which of the following injection sites should the nurse select?
A. Abdomen
B. Inner forearm
C. Vastus lateralis
D. Ventrogluteal
Correct Answer:
A. Abdomen
Rationale: The abdomen is the preferred site for subcutaneous injections (e.g., insulin,
heparin) because it provides consistent absorption and ample fatty tissue. Injections
should be given at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus. The inner forearm is used for
intradermal injections, while the vastus lateralis and ventrogluteal are IM sites.
5. The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record (MAR) for an
assigned client. The nurse understands it is important to review the MAR
primarily to:
A. verify the client's insurance coverage for prescribed medications.
B. ensure that prescribed medications are being administered correctly.
C. document the client's allergies in the electronic health record.
D. determine the client's preferred route of medication administration.
Correct Answer:
B. ensure that prescribed medications are being administered correctly.
EXAM 4
Fundamentals of Nursing
Actual Questions w/Correct Answers
Galen College of Nursing
What you Will Get:
• 50+ verified questions
• Correct answers with Rationales.
• Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,1. The nurse is reviewing medication standards and regulations. Which of the
following agencies is responsible for enforcing medication legislation?
A. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C. The Joint Commission (TJC)
D. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Correct Answer:
B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Rationale: The FDA is the federal agency responsible for protecting public health by
ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human drugs, biological products, and
medical devices. It enforces medication legislation, regulates drug manufacturing, and
oversees drug labeling. The DEA primarily regulates controlled substances, The Joint
Commission accredits healthcare organizations, and CMS administers
Medicare/Medicaid programs.
2. The nurse is developing a conference on the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Which
of the following processes should the nurse include as the alteration of a drug to
a less active form in preparation for elimination?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer:
C. Metabolism
Rationale: Metabolism (biotransformation) is the enzymatic process—primarily in the
liver—where drugs are chemically altered into less active or inactive forms (metabolites)
to prepare for elimination. Absorption is the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream. Distribution is the transport of a drug throughout
body fluids and tissues. Excretion is the removal of the drug or its metabolites from the
body.
3. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to a client.
Which of the following injection sites should the nurse select as the preferred
location?
, A. Deltoid muscle
B. Dorsogluteal muscle
C. Vastus lateralis muscle
D. Ventrogluteal muscle
Correct Answer:
D. Ventrogluteal muscle
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred IM injection site for adults because it
is free of major nerves and vascular structures and provides adequate muscle mass.
The dorsogluteal site is no longer recommended due to the risk of sciatic nerve injury.
The deltoid is used for small volumes (≤1 mL), and the vastus lateralis is preferred for
infants and children.
4. The nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection to a client.
Which of the following injection sites should the nurse select?
A. Abdomen
B. Inner forearm
C. Vastus lateralis
D. Ventrogluteal
Correct Answer:
A. Abdomen
Rationale: The abdomen is the preferred site for subcutaneous injections (e.g., insulin,
heparin) because it provides consistent absorption and ample fatty tissue. Injections
should be given at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus. The inner forearm is used for
intradermal injections, while the vastus lateralis and ventrogluteal are IM sites.
5. The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record (MAR) for an
assigned client. The nurse understands it is important to review the MAR
primarily to:
A. verify the client's insurance coverage for prescribed medications.
B. ensure that prescribed medications are being administered correctly.
C. document the client's allergies in the electronic health record.
D. determine the client's preferred route of medication administration.
Correct Answer:
B. ensure that prescribed medications are being administered correctly.
