HSCO 502 Quiz 2: Early Childhood to Adolescence | 50
Questions and Correct Answer | Latest Update 2026-2027
Males are less likely to survive than females, both before and after birth. One
important reason is that:
A. Males have more dominant, defective alleles than females.
B. Males are more vulnerable to disorders caused by X-linked recessive alleles
than females.
C. Males have two Y chromosomes.
D. Most societies value males less than females and provide males with less
protection.
Correct Answer: B.
Rationale: Males have only one X chromosome, so X-linked recessive disorders
are more likely to be expressed.
Brain developments in the adolescent period include which of the following?
A. Continued myelination.
B. Rapid synaptogenesis in late adolescence.
C. Rapid pruning in early adolescence.
D. Continue lateralization.
Correct Answer: A.
Rationale: Adolescence is marked by continued myelination, especially in the
prefrontal cortex, improving processing speed and executive function.
,Research indicates that sex role development usually proceeds normally in single
parent families as well as in the more traditional dual parent families. These
findings are not consistent with predictions from what type of theory about how
sex differences develop?
A. Cognitive theories.
B. Psychoanalytic (Freudian) theories.
C. Social learning theories.
D. Biological theories.
Correct Answer: B.
Rationale: Freudian theory emphasizes identification with the same-sex parent,
which would predict difficulties in single-parent families.
Beliefs about sex differences sometimes are supported by research and
sometimes are not. Which of the following gender stereotypes is not supported
by research?
A. Males tend to be more physically aggressive than females.
B. Sex differences are usually small, with lots of overlap between the sexes.
C. Males tend to exhibit more dominance seeking than females.
D. Females tend to be more sociable and prosocial than males.
Correct Answer: D.
Rationale: Research shows small or inconsistent differences in
sociability/prosociality; the stereotype is not strongly supported.
Which of the following parenting styles is most closely associated with positive
outcomes in psychosocial development and school achievement for adolescents?
A. Authoritative
B. Authoritarian
, C. Permissive or indulgent
D. Neglecting or dismissive
Correct Answer: A.
Rationale: Authoritative parenting balances warmth with appropriate control and
is linked to the best adolescent outcomes.
When data are analyzed together from a large number of different studies on the
same question, like “are there sex differences in nurturing tendencies,” the report
is called a:
A. Collaborative discourse.
B. Social dosage effect.
C. Meta-analysis.
D. Sociometric analysis.
Correct Answer: C.
Rationale: A meta-analysis statistically combines results from multiple studies.
Which of the following is true with regard to the way coping styles relate to
depression?
A. Distraction serves to block out positive feelings, making the person feel more
depressed.
B. Rumination increases the intensity of thoughts about positive experiences and
helps to reduce feelings of depression.
C. Distraction shortens episodes of depression by shortening the time spent
focusing on negative events and thus lessening their intensity.
D. Self-focusing activates memories of events, allowing the person to resolve
problems and feel less depressed.
Correct Answer: C.
Questions and Correct Answer | Latest Update 2026-2027
Males are less likely to survive than females, both before and after birth. One
important reason is that:
A. Males have more dominant, defective alleles than females.
B. Males are more vulnerable to disorders caused by X-linked recessive alleles
than females.
C. Males have two Y chromosomes.
D. Most societies value males less than females and provide males with less
protection.
Correct Answer: B.
Rationale: Males have only one X chromosome, so X-linked recessive disorders
are more likely to be expressed.
Brain developments in the adolescent period include which of the following?
A. Continued myelination.
B. Rapid synaptogenesis in late adolescence.
C. Rapid pruning in early adolescence.
D. Continue lateralization.
Correct Answer: A.
Rationale: Adolescence is marked by continued myelination, especially in the
prefrontal cortex, improving processing speed and executive function.
,Research indicates that sex role development usually proceeds normally in single
parent families as well as in the more traditional dual parent families. These
findings are not consistent with predictions from what type of theory about how
sex differences develop?
A. Cognitive theories.
B. Psychoanalytic (Freudian) theories.
C. Social learning theories.
D. Biological theories.
Correct Answer: B.
Rationale: Freudian theory emphasizes identification with the same-sex parent,
which would predict difficulties in single-parent families.
Beliefs about sex differences sometimes are supported by research and
sometimes are not. Which of the following gender stereotypes is not supported
by research?
A. Males tend to be more physically aggressive than females.
B. Sex differences are usually small, with lots of overlap between the sexes.
C. Males tend to exhibit more dominance seeking than females.
D. Females tend to be more sociable and prosocial than males.
Correct Answer: D.
Rationale: Research shows small or inconsistent differences in
sociability/prosociality; the stereotype is not strongly supported.
Which of the following parenting styles is most closely associated with positive
outcomes in psychosocial development and school achievement for adolescents?
A. Authoritative
B. Authoritarian
, C. Permissive or indulgent
D. Neglecting or dismissive
Correct Answer: A.
Rationale: Authoritative parenting balances warmth with appropriate control and
is linked to the best adolescent outcomes.
When data are analyzed together from a large number of different studies on the
same question, like “are there sex differences in nurturing tendencies,” the report
is called a:
A. Collaborative discourse.
B. Social dosage effect.
C. Meta-analysis.
D. Sociometric analysis.
Correct Answer: C.
Rationale: A meta-analysis statistically combines results from multiple studies.
Which of the following is true with regard to the way coping styles relate to
depression?
A. Distraction serves to block out positive feelings, making the person feel more
depressed.
B. Rumination increases the intensity of thoughts about positive experiences and
helps to reduce feelings of depression.
C. Distraction shortens episodes of depression by shortening the time spent
focusing on negative events and thus lessening their intensity.
D. Self-focusing activates memories of events, allowing the person to resolve
problems and feel less depressed.
Correct Answer: C.
