NR 546 FINAL STUDY GUIDE LATEST
UPDATE VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS GRADED
A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Prefrontal Cortex Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Concentration
Mental Fatigue
Mood
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Guilt
Suicidality
Worthlessness
Striatum Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Physical fatigue
Nucleus Accumbens Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Pleasure
interests
Hypothalamus Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Sleep
,Appetite
Thalamus & Hypothalamus Symptoms of Mania - Answer:
Decreased sleep/arousal
Striatum Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Motor/agitation
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Risk-
taking
Talkative/pressured speech
Nucleus Accumbens & PFC Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Racing
thoughts, grandiosity
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Mood
Medication Management - Answer: SSRI-Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors
*Inhibit 5 HT reuptake
SNRI-Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
*inhibit 5-HT reuptake
,*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy, focus)
*increase DA in prefrontal cortex (increase cognition)
NDRI-Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake inhibitors
*inhibit DA reuptake (increase alertness, motivation)
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy)
SARI-Serotonin Antagonist Reuptake Inhibitors
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Most adverse
effects will subside after 4-5 days once the body adjusts to
increased serotonin levels. - Answer: diarrhea
headache
weight gain
sexual side effects
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs):
Medications should not be abruptly stopped to avoid
discontinuation symptoms. NE effects of the medication may
increase anxiety in some clients. Report worsening anxiety to
the provider. - Answer: elevated blood pressure
anxiety
insomnia
, constipation
Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (NDRI): Take
medication in the morning. Stop taking medication if seizures
occur. Stop taking medication if anxiety is noted. - Answer:
agitation
headache
dry mouth
constipation
weight loss
escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - Answer: no known drug
interactions
best tolerated SSRI
27-32 hour half-life good for forgetful prone clients
least CYP reactions
Substrate for 3A4
citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - Answer: mild antihistamine effects;
Half-Life: 23-45 hours
Weak Inhibitor of 2D6
UPDATE VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS GRADED
A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Prefrontal Cortex Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Concentration
Mental Fatigue
Mood
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Guilt
Suicidality
Worthlessness
Striatum Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Physical fatigue
Nucleus Accumbens Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Pleasure
interests
Hypothalamus Symptoms of MDD - Answer: Sleep
,Appetite
Thalamus & Hypothalamus Symptoms of Mania - Answer:
Decreased sleep/arousal
Striatum Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Motor/agitation
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Risk-
taking
Talkative/pressured speech
Nucleus Accumbens & PFC Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Racing
thoughts, grandiosity
PFC & Amygdala Symptoms of Mania - Answer: Mood
Medication Management - Answer: SSRI-Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors
*Inhibit 5 HT reuptake
SNRI-Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
*inhibit 5-HT reuptake
,*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy, focus)
*increase DA in prefrontal cortex (increase cognition)
NDRI-Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake inhibitors
*inhibit DA reuptake (increase alertness, motivation)
*inhibit NE reuptake (increase energy)
SARI-Serotonin Antagonist Reuptake Inhibitors
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Most adverse
effects will subside after 4-5 days once the body adjusts to
increased serotonin levels. - Answer: diarrhea
headache
weight gain
sexual side effects
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs):
Medications should not be abruptly stopped to avoid
discontinuation symptoms. NE effects of the medication may
increase anxiety in some clients. Report worsening anxiety to
the provider. - Answer: elevated blood pressure
anxiety
insomnia
, constipation
Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (NDRI): Take
medication in the morning. Stop taking medication if seizures
occur. Stop taking medication if anxiety is noted. - Answer:
agitation
headache
dry mouth
constipation
weight loss
escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - Answer: no known drug
interactions
best tolerated SSRI
27-32 hour half-life good for forgetful prone clients
least CYP reactions
Substrate for 3A4
citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - Answer: mild antihistamine effects;
Half-Life: 23-45 hours
Weak Inhibitor of 2D6
