NR546 WEEK 6 LATEST UPDATE
VERIFIED QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Substance Use Disorder - Answer: Occurs when the recurrent
use of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically
significant impairment, including health problems, disability, or
failure to meet responsibilities at home, work, or school.
When does drug use typically begin? - Answer: Adolescence
Common Comorbidities of substance use disorder - Answer:
Anxiety disorders
depression
bipolar disorder
psychotic illness
borderline personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder
Neurological basis: Genetic factors of SUD - Answer: 40-60% of a
client's vulnerability to substance use disorders may be
,attributed to genetic factors
Vulnerability involves complex interactions between multiple
genetic factors/.
Genetic involvement may impact an individual's experience of a
drug as pleasurable or not or how long a drug remains in the
body.
Epigenetic factors in SUD` - Answer: influence whether genes
associated with substance use disorder are activated
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy in SUD - Answer: Brain
circuits that mediate reward, impulse control, decision making,
learning, and emotions play a role in substance use disorder.
Mesolimbic Dopamine pathway in SUD - Answer: has been
identified as the key pathway that mediates reward.
Connects the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain to the
ventral striatum of the basal ganglia.
,The pathway begins in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and
connects to the ventral striatum/nucleus
Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks - Answer: Mesolimbic
pathway is most associated with reward. Drugs and alcohol act
directly on brain receptors leading to a release of dopamine.
As substance use increases, brain circuits adapt by reducing
sensitivity to dopamine, leading to tolerance and the need to
increase use of a substance to achieve the same high.
Neurological Basis: Neural Signaling - Answer: Dopamine is
responsible for regulating the brain's motivation, pleasure, and
reward center.
Dopamine is release in response to natural pleasurable activities
or situations such as achieving an accomplishment, enjoying a
good meal. or participating in an athletic activity. Addictive
drugs cause a surge of dopamine in the ventral striatum or
nucleus accumbens.
Repeated use can lead to changes in brain circuitry leading to
craving, addiction, dependence, withdrawal.
What neurotransmitter is the target when treating SUD? -
, Answer: Dopamine.
Tolerance - Answer: With repeated ingestion of a drug, the drug
shows decreased effect. Increasing doses are required to
achieve the effects noted with the original administration
Dependence - Answer: State of adaption produced with
repeated administration of certain drugs so that physical
symptoms occur when the drug is discontinued abruptly.
Addiction - Answer: A change in behavior caused by biochemical
changes in the brain after continued substance use
characterized by preoccupation with and repeated use of a
substance despite negative outcomes.
Withdrawal - Answer: Physiological and psychological reactions
that occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly.
Intoxication - Answer: Condition following the ingestion of a
substance resulting in changes in level of consciousness,
cognition, perception, judgement, and behavior.
Treatment - Answer: The PMHNP must ascertain what substance
VERIFIED QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Substance Use Disorder - Answer: Occurs when the recurrent
use of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically
significant impairment, including health problems, disability, or
failure to meet responsibilities at home, work, or school.
When does drug use typically begin? - Answer: Adolescence
Common Comorbidities of substance use disorder - Answer:
Anxiety disorders
depression
bipolar disorder
psychotic illness
borderline personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder
Neurological basis: Genetic factors of SUD - Answer: 40-60% of a
client's vulnerability to substance use disorders may be
,attributed to genetic factors
Vulnerability involves complex interactions between multiple
genetic factors/.
Genetic involvement may impact an individual's experience of a
drug as pleasurable or not or how long a drug remains in the
body.
Epigenetic factors in SUD` - Answer: influence whether genes
associated with substance use disorder are activated
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy in SUD - Answer: Brain
circuits that mediate reward, impulse control, decision making,
learning, and emotions play a role in substance use disorder.
Mesolimbic Dopamine pathway in SUD - Answer: has been
identified as the key pathway that mediates reward.
Connects the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain to the
ventral striatum of the basal ganglia.
,The pathway begins in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and
connects to the ventral striatum/nucleus
Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks - Answer: Mesolimbic
pathway is most associated with reward. Drugs and alcohol act
directly on brain receptors leading to a release of dopamine.
As substance use increases, brain circuits adapt by reducing
sensitivity to dopamine, leading to tolerance and the need to
increase use of a substance to achieve the same high.
Neurological Basis: Neural Signaling - Answer: Dopamine is
responsible for regulating the brain's motivation, pleasure, and
reward center.
Dopamine is release in response to natural pleasurable activities
or situations such as achieving an accomplishment, enjoying a
good meal. or participating in an athletic activity. Addictive
drugs cause a surge of dopamine in the ventral striatum or
nucleus accumbens.
Repeated use can lead to changes in brain circuitry leading to
craving, addiction, dependence, withdrawal.
What neurotransmitter is the target when treating SUD? -
, Answer: Dopamine.
Tolerance - Answer: With repeated ingestion of a drug, the drug
shows decreased effect. Increasing doses are required to
achieve the effects noted with the original administration
Dependence - Answer: State of adaption produced with
repeated administration of certain drugs so that physical
symptoms occur when the drug is discontinued abruptly.
Addiction - Answer: A change in behavior caused by biochemical
changes in the brain after continued substance use
characterized by preoccupation with and repeated use of a
substance despite negative outcomes.
Withdrawal - Answer: Physiological and psychological reactions
that occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly.
Intoxication - Answer: Condition following the ingestion of a
substance resulting in changes in level of consciousness,
cognition, perception, judgement, and behavior.
Treatment - Answer: The PMHNP must ascertain what substance
