PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 LAB ALL LAB EXAMS
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
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Core Domains
Lab Safety and Microscopy
Cell Structure and Function
Histology: Epithelial Tissues
Histology: Connective Tissues
Histology: Muscle and Nervous Tissues
Integumentary System
Skeletal System: Axial Skeleton
Skeletal System: Appendicular Skeleton
Articulations and Movements
Muscular System
Nervous System and Special Senses
Introduction
,This comprehensive examination assesses the laboratory
knowledge and practical skills required for Anatomy and
Physiology I. It evaluates microscopy, cell anatomy, tissue
identification, skeletal and muscular structures, and nervous
system organization. The examination employs multiple-
choice and scenario-based questions to simulate realistic
laboratory practicals. Emphasis is placed on structure-
function relationships, anatomical terminology, and the
application of laboratory techniques. This assessment
prepares candidates for the rigor of Portage Learning BIOD
151 Lab exams and real-world allied health practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A student is viewing a slide under the microscope and
notices that the image is dark. Which part of the
microscope should be adjusted to increase the amount of
light?
A. Ocular lens
B. Objective lens
C. Iris diaphragm
D. Coarse adjustment knob
🟢 C. Iris diaphragm
,🔴 RATIONALE: The iris diaphragm controls the amount of
light passing through the specimen. Opening the diaphragm
increases illumination. The ocular and objective lenses
magnify the image, and the coarse adjustment knob focuses
the image.
2. Which organelle is responsible for ATP synthesis in the
cell?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondrion
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
🟢 B. Mitochondrion
🔴 RATIONALE: Mitochondria are the site of oxidative
phosphorylation and ATP production. Ribosomes synthesize
proteins, the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages
proteins, and lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.
3. During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align
along the equatorial plate of the cell?
A. Prophase
, B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
🟢 B. Metaphase
🔴 RATIONALE: In metaphase, chromosomes align at the
metaphase plate (equatorial plane) before being separated.
Prophase involves chromatin condensation, anaphase
involves sister chromatid separation, and telophase involves
nuclear envelope reformation.
4. Which type of epithelium is best suited for diffusion and
filtration?
A. Simple squamous
B. Simple cuboidal
C. Simple columnar
D. Stratified squamous
🟢 A. Simple squamous
🔴 RATIONALE: Simple squamous epithelium is a single
layer of flat cells that allows for rapid diffusion and filtration,
as seen in the alveoli and glomeruli. Simple cuboidal and
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
Lab Safety and Microscopy
Cell Structure and Function
Histology: Epithelial Tissues
Histology: Connective Tissues
Histology: Muscle and Nervous Tissues
Integumentary System
Skeletal System: Axial Skeleton
Skeletal System: Appendicular Skeleton
Articulations and Movements
Muscular System
Nervous System and Special Senses
Introduction
,This comprehensive examination assesses the laboratory
knowledge and practical skills required for Anatomy and
Physiology I. It evaluates microscopy, cell anatomy, tissue
identification, skeletal and muscular structures, and nervous
system organization. The examination employs multiple-
choice and scenario-based questions to simulate realistic
laboratory practicals. Emphasis is placed on structure-
function relationships, anatomical terminology, and the
application of laboratory techniques. This assessment
prepares candidates for the rigor of Portage Learning BIOD
151 Lab exams and real-world allied health practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A student is viewing a slide under the microscope and
notices that the image is dark. Which part of the
microscope should be adjusted to increase the amount of
light?
A. Ocular lens
B. Objective lens
C. Iris diaphragm
D. Coarse adjustment knob
🟢 C. Iris diaphragm
,🔴 RATIONALE: The iris diaphragm controls the amount of
light passing through the specimen. Opening the diaphragm
increases illumination. The ocular and objective lenses
magnify the image, and the coarse adjustment knob focuses
the image.
2. Which organelle is responsible for ATP synthesis in the
cell?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondrion
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
🟢 B. Mitochondrion
🔴 RATIONALE: Mitochondria are the site of oxidative
phosphorylation and ATP production. Ribosomes synthesize
proteins, the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages
proteins, and lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.
3. During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align
along the equatorial plate of the cell?
A. Prophase
, B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
🟢 B. Metaphase
🔴 RATIONALE: In metaphase, chromosomes align at the
metaphase plate (equatorial plane) before being separated.
Prophase involves chromatin condensation, anaphase
involves sister chromatid separation, and telophase involves
nuclear envelope reformation.
4. Which type of epithelium is best suited for diffusion and
filtration?
A. Simple squamous
B. Simple cuboidal
C. Simple columnar
D. Stratified squamous
🟢 A. Simple squamous
🔴 RATIONALE: Simple squamous epithelium is a single
layer of flat cells that allows for rapid diffusion and filtration,
as seen in the alveoli and glomeruli. Simple cuboidal and
