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NUR 272/NURS 272 Final Exam Comprehensive Review | Questions and Answers with Rationales || Latest Updated | 100% Correct - Medgar Evers College - PERFECT RATIONALE

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NUR 272/NURS 272 Final Exam Comprehensive Review | Questions and Answers with Rationales || Latest Updated | 100% Correct - Medgar Evers College - PERFECT RATIONALE

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NUR 272/NURS 272 Final Exam Comprehensive
Review | Questions and Answers with Rationales ||
Latest Updated | 100% Correct - Medgar Evers
College - PERFECT RATIONALE

Q1: NUR 272 Medgar Evers - A client with heart failure - which sign indicates left-sided HF?
A. Left-sided HF: dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, pulmonary edema, fatigue - due to pulmonary congestion
B. No pulmonary signs
C. JVD only
D. Peripheral edema only
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

A. Left-sided HF: dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, pulmonary edema, fatigue - due to pulmonary congestion

CONCEPT: Left-sided HF signs NUR 272. CORRECT: Left-sided heart failure signs due to pulmonary congestion backup: dyspnea,
orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea PND, crackles rales, pulmonary edema, cough frothy sputum, fatigue, S3 gallop - Medgar
Evers NUR 272. WHY B WRONG: Peripheral edema right-sided HF systemic congestion. WHY C WRONG: JVD right-sided. WHY D
WRONG: Pulmonary signs present left-sided. TIP: Left HF pulmonary dyspnea orthopnea crackles pulmonary edema S3 vs Right HF
systemic peripheral edema JVD ascites weight gain.



Q2: NUR 272 - A client with myocardial infarction MI - which lab is most specific?
A. Troponin I and T most specific cardiac enzymes elevated 3-12 hr post MI - also CK-MB
B. Only AST
C. Myoglobin only most specific
D. No specific lab
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

A. Troponin I and T most specific cardiac enzymes elevated 3-12 hr post MI - also CK-MB

CONCEPT: MI lab troponin. CORRECT: Myocardial infarction MI labs: Troponin I and T most specific cardiac highly sensitive elevated
within 3-12 hours peaks 24 hr remains 7-14 days - CK-MB also specific peaks 24 hr, myoglobin early but not specific - per NUR 272
Medgar Evers. WHY B WRONG: Myoglobin early but not specific troponin most specific. WHY C WRONG: AST not specific old. WHY D
WRONG: Troponin specific exists. TIP: MI troponin I T most specific elevated 3-12 hr CK-MB myoglobin early not specific.




Page 1 | NUR 272 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW - PERFECT 200 UNIQUE - MEDGAR EVERS

,Q3: NUR 272 - A client with hypertension - what is normal BP per ACC/AHA for final exam?
A. Normal <120/80, elevated 120-129/<80, Stage1 130-139/80-89, Stage2 >=140/90, crisis >180/120
B. Normal 160/100
C. No classification
D. Normal 140/90
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

A. Normal <120/80, elevated 120-129/<80, Stage1 130-139/80-89, Stage2 >=140/90, crisis >180/120

CONCEPT: Hypertension classification NUR 272. CORRECT: Hypertension per ACC/AHA 2017 for NUR 272 Final: Normal <120/80
mmHg, Elevated 120-129 systolic and <80 diastolic, Stage1 130-139 or 80-89, Stage2 >=140 or >=90, Hypertensive crisis >180 and/or
>120 - need intervention. WHY B WRONG: 140/90 Stage2 not normal. WHY C WRONG: 160/100 Stage2 crisis not normal. WHY D
WRONG: Classification exists. TIP: Normal <120/80 elevated 120-129/<80 Stage1 130-139/80-89 Stage2 >=140/90 crisis >180/120.



Q4: NUR 272 - A client with COPD exacerbation - which ABG indicates CO2 retention respiratory acidosis?
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis low HCO3
C. pH 7.50 PaCO2 30
D. Respiratory acidosis: pH <7.35, PaCO2 >45, HCO3 normal or increased compensation - e.g., pH 7.30 PaCO2 55 HCO3 26 - due
to hypoventilation
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

D. Respiratory acidosis: pH <7.35, PaCO2 >45, HCO3 normal or increased compensation - e.g., pH 7.30 PaCO2 55 HCO3 26 - due to
hypoventilation

CONCEPT: ABG respiratory acidosis COPD NUR 272. CORRECT: COPD exacerbation ABG respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention
hypoventilation: pH low <7.35 acidosis, PaCO2 high >45 CO2 retention, HCO3 normal 22-26 or high compensation 26+ - normal pH
7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 HCO3 22-26 - for NUR 272 final. WHY B WRONG: pH high alkalosis not acidosis. WHY C WRONG:
Respiratory alkalosis high pH low PaCO2. WHY D WRONG: Metabolic acidosis low pH low HCO3. TIP: Respiratory acidosis pH <7.35
PaCO2 >45 CO2 retention COPD pH 7.30 PaCO2 55 HCO3 26.



Q5: NUR 272 - A client receiving furosemide loop diuretic - which electrolyte to monitor priority?
A. No electrolyte monitoring
B. Only sodium
C. Calcium only
D. Potassium - loop diuretic causes hypokalemia K+ loss - monitor K+ 3.5-5.0 - also Mg Na
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

D. Potassium - loop diuretic causes hypokalemia K+ loss - monitor K+ 3.5-5.0 - also Mg Na

CONCEPT: Furosemide electrolyte monitoring. CORRECT: Furosemide Lasix loop diuretic causes loss of K+ Na+ Mg++ Ca++ - priority
potassium hypokalemia causes dysrhythmia - monitor K+ 3.5-5.0 mEq/L - also Mg 1.3-2.1 - signs muscle weakness cramps - for NUR
272 Medgar Evers. WHY B WRONG: Potassium priority not only calcium. WHY C WRONG: Electrolyte monitoring required K+ Mg. WHY
D WRONG: K+ priority also Na but K+ critical dysrhythmia. TIP: Furosemide loop diuretic monitor K+ hypokalemia 3.5-5.0 Mg I/O BP
renal ototoxicity.




Page 2 | NUR 272 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW - PERFECT 200 UNIQUE - MEDGAR EVERS

,Q6: NUR 272 - A client with diabetes DKA signs?
A. Shallow respirations
B. No ketones
C. DKA diabetic ketoacidosis: hyperglycemia >250, ketones positive, Kussmaul deep rapid respirations, fruity acetone breath,
dehydration polyuria polydipsia, pH <7.35
D. Hypoglycemia <70
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

C. DKA diabetic ketoacidosis: hyperglycemia >250, ketones positive, Kussmaul deep rapid respirations, fruity acetone breath,
dehydration polyuria polydipsia, pH <7.35

CONCEPT: DKA signs NUR 272. CORRECT: DKA diabetic ketoacidosis due to lack insulin: hyperglycemia >250 mg/dL, ketones
positive blood urine, Kussmaul respirations deep rapid compensates metabolic acidosis, fruity acetone breath, dehydration polyuria
polydipsia, abdominal pain nausea, pH <7.35 low - for NUR 272 final. WHY B WRONG: Hyperglycemia not hypoglycemia <70. WHY C
WRONG: Ketones positive DKA. WHY D WRONG: Kussmaul deep rapid not shallow. TIP: DKA hyperglycemia >250 ketones positive
Kussmaul deep rapid fruity breath dehydration pH <7.35.



Q7: NUR 272 - A client with warfarin INR 4.5 - nursing action?
A. Give next dose
B. No action
C. Increase dose
D. Hold warfarin, notify provider, assess bleeding, check vitamin K order - therapeutic INR 2-3
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

D. Hold warfarin, notify provider, assess bleeding, check vitamin K order - therapeutic INR 2-3

CONCEPT: Warfarin INR high action. CORRECT: Warfarin therapeutic INR 2-3 for AFIB DVT PE 2.5-3.5 mechanical valve - INR 4.5
high bleeding risk - hold warfarin notify provider assess bleeding gums hematuria melena, check vitamin K phytonadione order, avoid IM
injections - for NUR 272 Medgar Evers. WHY B WRONG: Hold not give high INR bleeding risk. WHY C WRONG: Increase worsens
bleeding. WHY D WRONG: Action hold notify assess. TIP: Warfarin INR 2-3 therapeutic 4.5 high hold notify assess bleeding vitamin K.



Q8: NUR 272 - A client post-op thyroidectomy - emergency sign?
A. No emergency post thyroidectomy
B. Stridor difficulty breathing hoarseness - indicates laryngeal edema hemorrhage compressing trachea or recurrent laryngeal nerve
damage or tetany hypocalcemia - priority airway
C. Mild sore throat expected no emergency
D. Only pain expected
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

B. Stridor difficulty breathing hoarseness - indicates laryngeal edema hemorrhage compressing trachea or recurrent laryngeal nerve
damage or tetany hypocalcemia - priority airway

CONCEPT: Thyroidectomy emergency sign. CORRECT: Post thyroidectomy emergency signs per NUR 272: stridor difficulty breathing
hoarseness indicates laryngeal edema hemorrhage compressing trachea or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or tetany from hypocalcemia
parathyroid removal - priority airway call help prepare tracheostomy kit check calcium Trousseau Chvostek. WHY B WRONG: Mild sore
throat expected but stridor emergency. WHY C WRONG: Emergency exists airway obstruction. WHY D WRONG: Pain expected but
stridor emergency. TIP: Post thyroidectomy emergency stridor difficulty breathing hoarseness laryngeal edema nerve damage tetany
hypocalcemia airway call help tracheostomy kit calcium.




Page 3 | NUR 272 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW - PERFECT 200 UNIQUE - MEDGAR EVERS

, Q9: NUR 272 - A client with pneumonia - which precaution?
A. No precautions
B. Droplet precautions private room mask within 3 feet - standard also - airborne only for TB
C. Contact only
D. Airborne for all pneumonia
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

B. Droplet precautions private room mask within 3 feet - standard also - airborne only for TB

CONCEPT: Pneumonia precautions NUR 272. CORRECT: Pneumonia precautions per NUR 272: droplet precautions for bacterial
pneumonia if contagious mycoplasma - private room mask within 3 feet - standard precautions hand hygiene - airborne N95 negative
pressure for TB tuberculosis - for final exam. WHY B WRONG: Airborne only TB not typical bacterial pneumonia. WHY C WRONG:
Droplet not only contact. WHY D WRONG: Precautions needed droplet. TIP: Pneumonia droplet private room mask within 3 ft standard
hand hygiene airborne only TB N95 negative pressure.



Q10: NUR 272 - A client with stroke FAST assessment?
A. No facial droop
B. Only headache
C. No FAST
D. FAST: Face droop, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time call 911 - stroke signs
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

D. FAST: Face droop, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time call 911 - stroke signs

CONCEPT: Stroke FAST assessment. CORRECT: Stroke FAST assessment per NUR 272: Face drooping one side smile, Arm
weakness drift, Speech difficulty slurred, Time call 911 - plus sudden confusion vision difficulty severe headache - for Medgar Evers final.
WHY B WRONG: FAST exists stroke assessment. WHY C WRONG: FAST includes face arm speech time not only headache. WHY D
WRONG: Facial droop present FAST. TIP: Stroke FAST Face droop Arm weakness Speech difficulty Time call 911 sudden confusion
vision severe headache.



Q11: A client with chest pain troponin elevated diagnosis? - NUR 272 Q11
A. Only angina no MI
B. No NUR 272 concept per Medgar Evers
C. No MI troponin elevation
D. Myocardial infarction MI troponin elevated 3-12 hr specific vs angina no elevation
Answer & ULTRA-Detailed Rationale:

D. Myocardial infarction MI troponin elevated 3-12 hr specific vs angina no elevation

CONCEPT: A client with chest pain troponin elevated diagnosis?. CORRECT: Myocardial infarction MI troponin elevated 3-12 hr specific
vs angina no elevation. WHY B WRONG: Only angina no MI false - Myocardial infarction MI troponin elevated 3-12 hr specific vs angina
no elevati. WHY C WRONG: No MI troponin elevation false. WHY D WRONG: No concept false - NUR 272 Medgar Evers requires. TIP:
Myocardial infarction MI troponin elevated 3-12 hr specific vs angina no elevation.




Page 4 | NUR 272 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW - PERFECT 200 UNIQUE - MEDGAR EVERS

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