Which of the following is seen on a sleep study in a patient with sleep apnea?
• Repeated sawtooth dips in oxygen saturation
• Repeated sawtooth peaks in oxygenation
• Alternating peaks and troughs in oxygenation
• Parts of the sleep study showing gaps
• No changes in oxygenation
Which statement regarding pleural effusion is CORRECT?
• Pleural fluid is produced by the capillary bed of the visceral pleura.
• It is the accumulation of air beneath the visceral pleura.
• Transudate has a high protein content.
• It can be a direct extension from the peritoneum.
• Fluid accumulation is due to the increased rate of absorption by
the lymphatics in the visceral pleura.
Which clinical condition is usually NOT a cause of transudative pleural
effusion?
• Congestive heart failure
• Hypoalbuminemia
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Empyema
• Cirrhosis
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an etiology of bronchiectasis?
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Asthma
• Cystic fibrosis
Which patient with pneumothorax is considered to have a primary
spontaneous pneumothorax?
• A child with cystic fibrosis
, • A patient after lung biopsy
• A patient with absent clinical lung disease
• A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• A patient with a recent rib fracture
Which physical examination finding is not typical for a pneumothorax?
• Decreased vocal resonance over the region with hyperresonance
• Unilateral hyperresonance with ipsilateral tracheal deviation
• Reduced unilateral chest expansion with reduced vocal fremitus
• Decreased unilateral vocal fremitus with ipsilateral reduction of
breath sounds
• Decreased breath sounds over the region with hyperresonance
Which of the following percussion notes is most characteristic of
pneumothorax?
• Resonance
• Hyperresonance
• Normal findings
• Stony dullness
• Dullness
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the treatment of pneumothorax?
• A 1st episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax > 2 cm in a
stable patient is usually aspirated with a syringe.
• A 1st episode of a small primary spontaneous pneumothorax
generally resolves spontaneously.
• Large pneumothoraces are generally treated with a chest drain.
• A small primary spontaneous pneumothorax rarely responds
to treatment with supplemental oxygen.
• Bronchopleural fistulas require underwater seal drain.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of a patient with a 2nd
episode of ipsilateral primary spontaneous
pneumothorax?
• Repeated sawtooth dips in oxygen saturation
• Repeated sawtooth peaks in oxygenation
• Alternating peaks and troughs in oxygenation
• Parts of the sleep study showing gaps
• No changes in oxygenation
Which statement regarding pleural effusion is CORRECT?
• Pleural fluid is produced by the capillary bed of the visceral pleura.
• It is the accumulation of air beneath the visceral pleura.
• Transudate has a high protein content.
• It can be a direct extension from the peritoneum.
• Fluid accumulation is due to the increased rate of absorption by
the lymphatics in the visceral pleura.
Which clinical condition is usually NOT a cause of transudative pleural
effusion?
• Congestive heart failure
• Hypoalbuminemia
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Empyema
• Cirrhosis
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an etiology of bronchiectasis?
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Asthma
• Cystic fibrosis
Which patient with pneumothorax is considered to have a primary
spontaneous pneumothorax?
• A child with cystic fibrosis
, • A patient after lung biopsy
• A patient with absent clinical lung disease
• A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• A patient with a recent rib fracture
Which physical examination finding is not typical for a pneumothorax?
• Decreased vocal resonance over the region with hyperresonance
• Unilateral hyperresonance with ipsilateral tracheal deviation
• Reduced unilateral chest expansion with reduced vocal fremitus
• Decreased unilateral vocal fremitus with ipsilateral reduction of
breath sounds
• Decreased breath sounds over the region with hyperresonance
Which of the following percussion notes is most characteristic of
pneumothorax?
• Resonance
• Hyperresonance
• Normal findings
• Stony dullness
• Dullness
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the treatment of pneumothorax?
• A 1st episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax > 2 cm in a
stable patient is usually aspirated with a syringe.
• A 1st episode of a small primary spontaneous pneumothorax
generally resolves spontaneously.
• Large pneumothoraces are generally treated with a chest drain.
• A small primary spontaneous pneumothorax rarely responds
to treatment with supplemental oxygen.
• Bronchopleural fistulas require underwater seal drain.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of a patient with a 2nd
episode of ipsilateral primary spontaneous
pneumothorax?
