HNG 540 EXAM 1 VERIFIED TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What is the indication for nitrates?
Answer: to treat and relieve the symptoms of angina pectoris
◉ what is angina pectoris?
Answer: a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort when
the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen rich blood
◉ Example of a nitrate
Answer: nitroglycerin
◉ mechanism of action for nitroglycerin
Answer: relaxes and dilates blood vessels (arterioles), increasing
blood flow to the heart, thereby reducing the hearts workload and
relieving angina
◉ How is nitroglycerin administered?
Answer: sublingually or as a spray to provide rapid relief
◉ Considerations for extended release nitroglycerin
,Answer: do NOT crush or break tablets or capsules as this could
disrupt the intended extended release mechanism
◉ What do diuretics do?
Answer: promote increased diuresis (urination), leading to removal
of excess salt and water from the body
◉ What drug is the first line treatment for heart failure and
hypertension?
Answer: a diuretic
◉ types of diuretics
Answer: thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and potassium sparing
diuretics
◉ how are diuretics chosen for a patient?
Answer: based on specific medical conditions and the patients needs
◉ Example of thiazide diuretic
Answer: hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)
◉ Example of loop diuretic
Answer: Furosemide (lasix)
, ◉ Example of potassium sparing diuretic
Answer: Spironolactone (Aldactone)
◉ Indications for diuretics
Answer: reduce edema, and lower blood pressure
◉ In what type of patients is edema seem most commonly?
Answer: congestive heart failure, and hepatic (liver) disease
◉ What type of diuretic is usually give to congestive heart failure
and hepatic (liver disease) patients?
Answer: a short acting loop diuretic like furosemide
◉ how does hydrochlorothiazide lower blood pressure?
Answer: reduces extra cellular fluid and strain on the heart and
blood vessel walls
◉ mechanism of action for diuretics
Answer: act on the distal renal tubule, inhibiting sodium
reabsorption
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What is the indication for nitrates?
Answer: to treat and relieve the symptoms of angina pectoris
◉ what is angina pectoris?
Answer: a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort when
the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen rich blood
◉ Example of a nitrate
Answer: nitroglycerin
◉ mechanism of action for nitroglycerin
Answer: relaxes and dilates blood vessels (arterioles), increasing
blood flow to the heart, thereby reducing the hearts workload and
relieving angina
◉ How is nitroglycerin administered?
Answer: sublingually or as a spray to provide rapid relief
◉ Considerations for extended release nitroglycerin
,Answer: do NOT crush or break tablets or capsules as this could
disrupt the intended extended release mechanism
◉ What do diuretics do?
Answer: promote increased diuresis (urination), leading to removal
of excess salt and water from the body
◉ What drug is the first line treatment for heart failure and
hypertension?
Answer: a diuretic
◉ types of diuretics
Answer: thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and potassium sparing
diuretics
◉ how are diuretics chosen for a patient?
Answer: based on specific medical conditions and the patients needs
◉ Example of thiazide diuretic
Answer: hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)
◉ Example of loop diuretic
Answer: Furosemide (lasix)
, ◉ Example of potassium sparing diuretic
Answer: Spironolactone (Aldactone)
◉ Indications for diuretics
Answer: reduce edema, and lower blood pressure
◉ In what type of patients is edema seem most commonly?
Answer: congestive heart failure, and hepatic (liver) disease
◉ What type of diuretic is usually give to congestive heart failure
and hepatic (liver disease) patients?
Answer: a short acting loop diuretic like furosemide
◉ how does hydrochlorothiazide lower blood pressure?
Answer: reduces extra cellular fluid and strain on the heart and
blood vessel walls
◉ mechanism of action for diuretics
Answer: act on the distal renal tubule, inhibiting sodium
reabsorption
