BIO 290 Exam 3 Actual Exam V2 | BIO 290
Pharmacology (BIO290 Exam 3) | Joyce University
This comprehensive question bank is designed for students preparing for BIO 290
Exam 3 (Actual Exam V2). It delivers unique, high-yield questions with verified
answers, bold italic rationales, and zero repeated or rephrased items. The content
spans the full BIO 290 Exam 3 Core Syllabus, including cell biology, metabolism,
genetics, molecular biology, evolution, ecology, and physiology
SECTION 1: CELL BIOLOGY & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT (Q1–Q40)
Q1. Which organelle is responsible for ATP synthesis through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondrion
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Lysosome
Correct Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the site of oxidative phosphorylation, where the
electron transport chain and ATP synthase generate the majority of cellular ATP.
,Ribosomes synthesize proteins, the Golgi modifies and packages proteins, and
lysosomes degrade cellular waste.
Q2. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as:
A) A rigid, static layer of phospholipids
B) A dynamic structure with proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
C) A double layer of proteins with phospholipids interspersed
D) A single layer of phospholipids with cholesterol
Correct Answer: B) A dynamic structure with proteins embedded in a
phospholipid bilayer
Rationale: The fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) describes the membrane
as a fluid phospholipid bilayer with proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates that
move laterally, creating a dynamic mosaic structure.
Q3. Which type of transport requires ATP and moves substances against their
concentration gradient?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Active transport
D) Osmosis
Correct Answer: C) Active transport
,Rationale: Active transport uses energy (ATP) to move substances against their
concentration gradient. Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis are
passive processes that do not require ATP.
Q4. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?
A) It will swell and burst
B) It will shrink due to water loss
C) It will remain unchanged
D) It will actively pump water in
Correct Answer: B) It will shrink due to water loss
Rationale: In a hypertonic solution, the solute concentration outside the cell is
higher than inside, causing water to move out of the cell by osmosis, leading to
cell shrinkage (crenation).
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
A) Transport of molecules
B) Cell signaling
C) ATP synthesis
D) Cell adhesion
Correct Answer: C) ATP synthesis
, Rationale: ATP synthesis occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane via ATP
synthase, not in the plasma membrane. Membrane proteins perform transport,
signaling, and adhesion functions.
Q6. Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Lysosome
D) Peroxisome
Correct Answer: B) Ribosome
Rationale: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis (translation), where
mRNA is decoded into polypeptide chains. The nucleus contains DNA, lysosomes
degrade waste, and peroxisomes break down fatty acids.
Q7. The sodium-potassium pump moves:
A) 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in per ATP
B) 2 Na+ out and 3 K+ in per ATP
C) 3 Na+ in and 2 K+ out per ATP
D) 2 Na+ in and 3 K+ out per ATP
Correct Answer: A) 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in per ATP
Pharmacology (BIO290 Exam 3) | Joyce University
This comprehensive question bank is designed for students preparing for BIO 290
Exam 3 (Actual Exam V2). It delivers unique, high-yield questions with verified
answers, bold italic rationales, and zero repeated or rephrased items. The content
spans the full BIO 290 Exam 3 Core Syllabus, including cell biology, metabolism,
genetics, molecular biology, evolution, ecology, and physiology
SECTION 1: CELL BIOLOGY & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT (Q1–Q40)
Q1. Which organelle is responsible for ATP synthesis through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondrion
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Lysosome
Correct Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the site of oxidative phosphorylation, where the
electron transport chain and ATP synthase generate the majority of cellular ATP.
,Ribosomes synthesize proteins, the Golgi modifies and packages proteins, and
lysosomes degrade cellular waste.
Q2. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as:
A) A rigid, static layer of phospholipids
B) A dynamic structure with proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
C) A double layer of proteins with phospholipids interspersed
D) A single layer of phospholipids with cholesterol
Correct Answer: B) A dynamic structure with proteins embedded in a
phospholipid bilayer
Rationale: The fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) describes the membrane
as a fluid phospholipid bilayer with proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates that
move laterally, creating a dynamic mosaic structure.
Q3. Which type of transport requires ATP and moves substances against their
concentration gradient?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Active transport
D) Osmosis
Correct Answer: C) Active transport
,Rationale: Active transport uses energy (ATP) to move substances against their
concentration gradient. Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis are
passive processes that do not require ATP.
Q4. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?
A) It will swell and burst
B) It will shrink due to water loss
C) It will remain unchanged
D) It will actively pump water in
Correct Answer: B) It will shrink due to water loss
Rationale: In a hypertonic solution, the solute concentration outside the cell is
higher than inside, causing water to move out of the cell by osmosis, leading to
cell shrinkage (crenation).
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
A) Transport of molecules
B) Cell signaling
C) ATP synthesis
D) Cell adhesion
Correct Answer: C) ATP synthesis
, Rationale: ATP synthesis occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane via ATP
synthase, not in the plasma membrane. Membrane proteins perform transport,
signaling, and adhesion functions.
Q6. Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Lysosome
D) Peroxisome
Correct Answer: B) Ribosome
Rationale: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis (translation), where
mRNA is decoded into polypeptide chains. The nucleus contains DNA, lysosomes
degrade waste, and peroxisomes break down fatty acids.
Q7. The sodium-potassium pump moves:
A) 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in per ATP
B) 2 Na+ out and 3 K+ in per ATP
C) 3 Na+ in and 2 K+ out per ATP
D) 2 Na+ in and 3 K+ out per ATP
Correct Answer: A) 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in per ATP
