PSY 339 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Chapter 4
Answer:
Adolescence
Question:
2. Women's involvement in math and science education
Answer:
Math/science teacher may convert higher expectations for male students
-May give males more helpful feedback and encouragement to pursue STEM careers Males may react
negatively to females interested in tase areas Females feel less competent in tase areas; may seek
stereotypically female courses Parents believe boys are more skilled stereotype treat: fear tat one will
confirm the negative stereotype about women's math/science performance --> leads to
underperformance
Question:
3. Mat and science education: elementary school
Answer:
girls and boys ave positive attitudes towards math and science
girls do better academically than boys in math and science
Boys: twice as interested in STEM careers by 8t grade - perform better than girls on standardized mat
testing Girls: lower confidence in mat abilities, begin to perceive mat as male domain, less likely to
pursue college degrees in math and science
Question:
4. Chilly climate classroom
Answer:
Faculty members treat men and women differently in the classroom.
-Women may feel ignored/devalued
-As a result, women may participate less in discussion and feel less academically competent
Students of color more likely to experience this
Question:
5. Career interest
Answer:
M and F have similar aspirations about entering prestigious careers - more women planned to go to
graduate school Adolescent females are more likely to pursue nontraditional careers for their gender
Females more likely report gathering of information for future careers Adolescent females find
children and marriage more important
Question:
6. tribal colleges
, Answer:
program for native Americans tat provide a 2-4 year transition between native vulture and
predominately European mainstream culture
Question:
7. Capter 5
Answer:
Gender Comparisons in Cognitive Abilities and Attitudes
Question:
8. What does a gender difference mean? Overlapping distributions
Answer:
A difference b/w te average score for women and the average score for men Usually a lot of overlap
b/w men and women's scores
-Some women score higher than average man
-Some men will score lower than average woman Differences w/in a group are usually larger than
differences b/w groups
Question:
9. What does a gender difference mean? Meta-analyses
Answer:
Empirical studies tat summarize te statistical findings from multiple other empirical studies
1)Locate all previous studies on te question of interest.
2) Compute the d statistic for each study - d is a measure of the *size* of the effect - How big was the
difference b/w men and women, what direction was it in?
3) Find the average d across all of the studies
Question:
10. What does a gender difference mean? d-statistic
Answer:
Calculated using:
-the average scores for men and women
-the variability of all the scores
Interpreting d: .00=no gender difference +/-.20 = small gender difference +/- .50 = moderate gender
difference +/- .80 = large gender difference
Question:
11. What are the gender differences in cognitive ability? General intelligence
Answer:
F and M are similar in general intelligence (IQ test)
-test items that show gender differences are eliminated, so there are gender similarities
-Male scores show higher variability
Gender similarities in general knowledge about history, geography, and other basic info
-Similar scores in multitasking
Question:
12. What are the gender differences in cognitive ability? Cognitive tasks
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Chapter 4
Answer:
Adolescence
Question:
2. Women's involvement in math and science education
Answer:
Math/science teacher may convert higher expectations for male students
-May give males more helpful feedback and encouragement to pursue STEM careers Males may react
negatively to females interested in tase areas Females feel less competent in tase areas; may seek
stereotypically female courses Parents believe boys are more skilled stereotype treat: fear tat one will
confirm the negative stereotype about women's math/science performance --> leads to
underperformance
Question:
3. Mat and science education: elementary school
Answer:
girls and boys ave positive attitudes towards math and science
girls do better academically than boys in math and science
Boys: twice as interested in STEM careers by 8t grade - perform better than girls on standardized mat
testing Girls: lower confidence in mat abilities, begin to perceive mat as male domain, less likely to
pursue college degrees in math and science
Question:
4. Chilly climate classroom
Answer:
Faculty members treat men and women differently in the classroom.
-Women may feel ignored/devalued
-As a result, women may participate less in discussion and feel less academically competent
Students of color more likely to experience this
Question:
5. Career interest
Answer:
M and F have similar aspirations about entering prestigious careers - more women planned to go to
graduate school Adolescent females are more likely to pursue nontraditional careers for their gender
Females more likely report gathering of information for future careers Adolescent females find
children and marriage more important
Question:
6. tribal colleges
, Answer:
program for native Americans tat provide a 2-4 year transition between native vulture and
predominately European mainstream culture
Question:
7. Capter 5
Answer:
Gender Comparisons in Cognitive Abilities and Attitudes
Question:
8. What does a gender difference mean? Overlapping distributions
Answer:
A difference b/w te average score for women and the average score for men Usually a lot of overlap
b/w men and women's scores
-Some women score higher than average man
-Some men will score lower than average woman Differences w/in a group are usually larger than
differences b/w groups
Question:
9. What does a gender difference mean? Meta-analyses
Answer:
Empirical studies tat summarize te statistical findings from multiple other empirical studies
1)Locate all previous studies on te question of interest.
2) Compute the d statistic for each study - d is a measure of the *size* of the effect - How big was the
difference b/w men and women, what direction was it in?
3) Find the average d across all of the studies
Question:
10. What does a gender difference mean? d-statistic
Answer:
Calculated using:
-the average scores for men and women
-the variability of all the scores
Interpreting d: .00=no gender difference +/-.20 = small gender difference +/- .50 = moderate gender
difference +/- .80 = large gender difference
Question:
11. What are the gender differences in cognitive ability? General intelligence
Answer:
F and M are similar in general intelligence (IQ test)
-test items that show gender differences are eliminated, so there are gender similarities
-Male scores show higher variability
Gender similarities in general knowledge about history, geography, and other basic info
-Similar scores in multitasking
Question:
12. What are the gender differences in cognitive ability? Cognitive tasks
